Abatanga amamodoka yo mu Burayi no muri Amerika barwana no guhindukira.
Nk’uko ibitangazamakuru byo mu mahanga LaiTimes bibitangaza ngo uyu munsi, igihangange gikora amamodoka gakondo ZF yatangaje ko yirukanye 12,000!
Iyi gahunda izarangira mbere ya 2030, kandi bamwe mu bakozi b'imbere bagaragaje ko umubare nyawo w'abakozi ushobora kugera ku 18.000.
Usibye ZF, amasosiyete abiri yo mu cyiciro cya mbere mpuzamahanga, Bosch na Valeo, yanatangaje ko yirukanwe mu minsi ibiri ishize: Bosch arateganya kwirukana abantu 1200 mbere y’umwaka wa 2026, naho Valeo atangaza ko izahagarika abantu 1150.Umuhengeri wo kwirukanwa ukomeje gutera imbere, kandi umuyaga ukonje wimpeshyi itinze uhuha ugana inganda zimodoka.
Urebye impamvu zituma yirukanwa kuri aba batanga ibinyabiziga bimaze ibinyejana bitatu, barashobora kubivuga muri make mubice bitatu: uko ubukungu bwifashe, ubukungu bwifashe, hamwe n’amashanyarazi.
Nyamara, ubukungu bwifashe nabi cyane ntibubaho mumunsi umwe cyangwa ibiri, kandi amasosiyete nka Bosch, Valeo, na ZF ameze neza mubukungu, kandi ibigo byinshi bikomeza iterambere ryiterambere kandi bizarenga intego ziteganijwe.Kubwibyo, iki cyiciro cyo kwirukanwa gishobora guterwa no guhindura amashanyarazi yinganda.
Usibye kwirukanwa, ibihangange bimwe na bimwe byahinduye imiterere yubuyobozi, ubucuruzi, nubushakashatsi bwibicuruzwa nicyerekezo cyiterambere.Bosch yubahiriza icyerekezo cy "imodoka zisobanurwa na software" kandi ihuza amashami y’imodoka kugirango zongere imikorere ya docking;Valeo yibanze kubice byingenzi byimodoka zamashanyarazi nko gufasha gutwara, sisitemu yumuriro, na moteri;ZF ihuza amashami yubucuruzi kugirango ikemure ibikenerwa niterambere ryamashanyarazi.
Musk yigeze kuvuga ko byanze bikunze ibinyabiziga by’amashanyarazi byanze bikunze kandi ko igihe nikigera, ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi bizasimbura buhoro buhoro ibinyabiziga bya peteroli.Birashoboka ko abatanga ibinyabiziga gakondo bashakisha impinduka muburyo bwo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi kugirango bakomeze inganda zabo niterambere ryigihe kizaza.
01.Ibihangange by’iburayi n’abanyamerika birukana abakozi mu ntangiriro zumwaka mushya, bigashyiraho igitutu kinini cyo guhindura amashanyarazi
Mu ntangiriro za 2024, abatanga ibinyabiziga bitatu byingenzi by’imodoka batangaje ko birukanwe.
Ku ya 19 Mutarama, Bosch yavuze ko iteganya kwirukana abantu bagera ku 1200 mu bice bya software ndetse na elegitoroniki mu mpera za 2026, muri bo 950 (hafi 80%) bazaba mu Budage.
Ku ya 18 Mutarama, Valeo yatangaje ko izahagarika abakozi 1150 ku isi.Isosiyete irimo guhuza ibice by’ibinyabiziga bivangavanze n’amashanyarazi.Valeo yagize ati: "Turizera ko tuzashimangira irushanwa ryacu mu kugira umuryango uhuze, uhuza kandi wuzuye."
Ku ya 19 Mutarama, ZF yatangaje ko biteganijwe ko izahagarika abantu 12.000 mu Budage mu myaka itandatu iri imbere, ibyo bikaba bihwanye na kimwe cya kane cy’imirimo yose ya ZF mu Budage.
Ubu biragaragara ko guhagarika akazi no guhindurwa nabatanga ibinyabiziga gakondo bishobora gukomeza, kandi impinduka mubikorwa byimodoka ziratera imbere mubwimbitse.
Iyo havuzwe impamvu zo guhagarika akazi no guhindura ubucuruzi, ibigo bitatu byose byavuze ijambo ryingenzi: uko ubukungu bwifashe, uko ubukungu bwifashe, n’amashanyarazi.
Impamvu itaziguye yo kwirukanwa kwa Bosch ni uko iterambere ryimodoka yigenga ryuzuye ritinda kurenza uko byari byitezwe.Isosiyete yavuze ko ihagarikwa ry’abakozi ryatewe n’ubukungu bwifashe nabi n’ifaranga ryinshi.Bosch yagize ati: "Intege nke z’ubukungu n’ifaranga ryinshi rituruka ku bindi bihugu, kongera ingufu n’ibiciro by’ibicuruzwa kuri ubu bidindiza inzibacyuho."
Kugeza ubu, nta makuru rusange na raporo byerekana imikorere y’ubucuruzi bw’ishami ry’imodoka rya Bosch Group mu 2023. Icyakora, kugurisha ibicuruzwa by’imodoka mu 2022 bizaba miliyari 52,6 z'amayero (hafi miliyari 408.7 z'amafaranga y'u Rwanda), byiyongera ku mwaka ku mwaka. 16%.Nyamara, inyungu yinyungu niyo yo hasi cyane mubucuruzi bwose, kuri 3.4%.Nyamara, ubucuruzi bwayo bwimodoka bwahinduwe muri 2023, bushobora kuzana iterambere rishya.
Valeo yavuze impamvu mu buryo bwo guhagarika akazi mu buryo bweruye: kuzamura irushanwa ry’itsinda no gukora neza mu rwego rwo gukwirakwiza imodoka.Ibitangazamakuru byo mu mahanga byatangaje ko umuvugizi wa Valeo yagize ati: "Turizera gushimangira irushanwa ryacu dushiraho umuryango woroshye, uhuza kandi wuzuye."
Inyandiko ku rubuga rwa interineti rwa Valeo yerekana ko igurishwa ry’isosiyete mu gice cya mbere cy’umwaka wa 2023 rizagera kuri miliyari 11.2 z'amayero (hafi miliyari 87 z'amafaranga y'u Rwanda), umwaka ushize wiyongereyeho 19%, kandi inyungu y'ibikorwa izagera kuri 3.2%, ikaba isumba igihe kimwe muri 2022. Imikorere yimari mugice cya kabiri cyumwaka biteganijwe ko izatera imbere.Uku kwirukanwa gushobora kuba imiterere hakiri kare no kwitegura guhindura amashanyarazi.
ZF yerekanye kandi guhindura amashanyarazi nkimpamvu yo kwirukanwa.Umuvugizi wa ZF yavuze ko iyi sosiyete idashaka kwirukana abakozi, ariko ko byanze bikunze guhindura amashanyarazi byanze bikunze bikuraho imyanya imwe n'imwe.
Raporo y’imari yerekana ko isosiyete yageze ku kugurisha miliyari 23.3 z'amayero (hafi miliyari 181.1 z'amafaranga y'u Rwanda) mu gice cya mbere cy'umwaka wa 2023, ikiyongeraho hafi 10% bivuye ku kugurisha miliyari 21.2 z'amayero (hafi miliyari 164.8 z'amafaranga y'u Rwanda) mu gihe kimwe gishize. umwaka.Muri rusange ibyifuzo byamafaranga nibyiza.Nyamara, isosiyete isanzwe yinjiza amafaranga ni ubucuruzi bwimodoka.Mu rwego rwo guhindura ibinyabiziga kugirango amashanyarazi, imiterere yubucuruzi irashobora kugira ibyago byihishe.
Birashobora kugaragara ko nubwo ubukungu bwifashe nabi, ubucuruzi nyamukuru bwibigo bitanga amamodoka gakondo biracyatera imbere.Ibice by'imodoka abahoze mu rugendo birukana abakozi umwe umwe nyuma yo gushaka impinduka no kwakira umuyaga udahagarara w'amashanyarazi mu nganda z’imodoka.
02.
Hindura ibicuruzwa byumuryango kandi ufate ingamba zo gushaka impinduka
Kubijyanye no guhindura amashanyarazi, abatanga ibinyabiziga gakondo gakondo birukanye abakozi mu ntangiriro zumwaka bafite ibitekerezo nibikorwa bitandukanye.
Bosch ikurikiza icyerekezo cy "imodoka zisobanurwa na software" maze ihindura imiterere y’ubucuruzi bw’imodoka muri Gicurasi 2023. Bosch yashizeho ishami ry’ubucuruzi ryihariye rya Bosch Intelligent Transportation, rifite ibice birindwi by’ubucuruzi: sisitemu yo gutwara amashanyarazi, kugenzura ibinyabiziga bigenzura ubwenge, sisitemu y’amashanyarazi, ubwenge bwo gutwara no kugenzura, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, ubwikorezi bwubwenge nyuma yo kugurisha hamwe na Bosch yimodoka itanga serivise.Ibi bice birindwi byubucuruzi byose byahawe inshingano zitambitse kandi zinyuranye.Ni ukuvuga ko, "batazasabiriza abaturanyi babo" kubera igabana ry'ubucuruzi, ahubwo bazashyiraho amatsinda ahuriweho imishinga igihe icyo aricyo cyose ashingiye kubyo abakiriya bakeneye.
Mbere, Bosch yaguze kandi abongereza batangiye gutwara ibinyabiziga bitanu, bashora imari mu nganda za batiri zo muri Amerika ya Ruguru, bagura ubushobozi bw’ibicuruzwa by’iburayi, bavugurura inganda z’ubucuruzi bw’imodoka zo muri Amerika y'Amajyaruguru, n'ibindi, kugira ngo bahangane n’amashanyarazi.
Valeo yerekanye mu ngamba z’imari n’imari 2022-2025 ko inganda z’imodoka zihura n’impinduka nini zitigeze zibaho.Mu rwego rwo guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’imihindagurikire y’inganda, isosiyete yatangaje ko yatangije gahunda ya Move Up.
Valeo yibanze ku bice byayo bine byubucuruzi: sisitemu ya powertrain, sisitemu yubushyuhe, sisitemu yo gufasha no gutwara ibinyabiziga, hamwe na sisitemu yo kureba kugirango yihutishe iterambere ry’amashanyarazi hamwe n’isoko rya sisitemu yo gufasha gutwara ibinyabiziga.Valeo irateganya kongera umubare w’ibikoresho by’umutekano w’amagare mu myaka ine iri imbere no kugera ku igurishwa rusange rya miliyari 27.5 zama euro (hafi miliyari 213.8) mu 2025.
ZF yatangaje muri kamena umwaka ushize ko izakomeza guhindura imiterere yinzego zayo.Ikoranabuhanga ryimodoka zitwara abagenzi hamwe n’ikoranabuhanga rikoresha umutekano w’umutekano byahuzwa kugira ngo habeho ishami rishya rya chassis.Muri icyo gihe, iyi sosiyete yatangije kandi sisitemu yo gutwara amashanyarazi y’ibiro 75 ku modoka zitwara abagenzi cyane, kandi inashyiraho uburyo bwo gucunga amashyuza ndetse n’uburyo bwo kugenzura insinga z’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi.Ibi birerekana kandi ko impinduka za ZF mumashanyarazi hamwe nubuhanga bwubwenge bwa chassis bwihuta.
Muri rusange, abatanga ibinyabiziga hafi ya byose batanga ibinyabiziga bagize ibyo bahindura no kuzamura muburyo bw'imiterere yubuyobozi no gusobanura ibicuruzwa R&D kugirango bahangane n’ikwirakwizwa ry’amashanyarazi.
03.
Umwanzuro: Umuhengeri wo kwirukanwa urashobora gukomeza
Mu muhengeri w'amashanyarazi mu nganda zitwara ibinyabiziga, umwanya w’iterambere ry’isoko ry’abatanga ibinyabiziga gakondo byagabanijwe buhoro buhoro.Kugirango dushake ingingo nshya zo gukura no gukomeza inganda zabo, ibihangange byatangiye inzira yo guhinduka.
Kandi kwirukanwa ni bumwe mu buryo bukomeye kandi butaziguye bwo kugabanya ibiciro no kongera imikorere.Umuhengeri wo gutezimbere abakozi, guhindura imikorere no kwirukanwa byatewe niyi ntera yo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi irashobora kuba kure.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-26-2024