1. Politiki y’igihugu ifasha kuzamura ireme ry’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga
Vuba aha, Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe kwemeza no kwemerera Ubushinwa cyatangije umushinga w’icyitegererezo cyo kwemeza ibicuruzwa ku gahato (CCC icyemezo) mu nganda z’imodoka, ibyo bikaba bishimangira kurushaho gushimangira ibikorwa remezo by’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga mu gihugu cyanjye. Hamwe n’igihugu cyanjye cyohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga bigera kuri miliyoni 5.859 mu 2024, biza ku mwanya wa mbere ku rutonde rw’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga ku isi, iyi politiki y’ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe kwemeza no kwemerera izatanga inkunga ihamye kuri Imodoka yo mu Bushinwa ibigo guhatana
ku isoko mpuzamahanga.
Ku isoko ry’isi, ibihugu byarushijeho gukenera ibisabwa mu gutandukanya no kumenyekanisha ibicuruzwa by’imodoka, cyane cyane mu bijyanye no kwemeza ubwoko, amabwiriza y’ibidukikije ndetse n’umutekano w’amakuru. Kugira ngo ibyo bibazo bikemuke, umurimo w’icyitegererezo w’ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe gutanga ibyemezo no kwemerera bizateza imbere ibigo by’ibinyabiziga n’ibizamini by’imodoka kugira ngo bishimangire ubufatanye n’ubwubatsi mu mahanga, kandi bitange amasosiyete y’imodoka yo mu Bushinwa amakuru yukuri kandi meza ku bijyanye n’isoko, politiki n'amabwiriza, hamwe na sisitemu yo gutanga ibizamini. Ibi ntibizafasha gusa kuzamura irushanwa mpuzamahanga ryimodoka zigihugu cyanjye, ahubwo bizanatanga umusingi wizewe mubufatanye nabacuruzi bo mumahanga.
2. Guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga biganisha ku isoko rishya ryimodoka
Mu murima waibinyabiziga bishya byingufu, guhanga udushya ni an
imbaraga zingenzi zo guteza imbere isoko. Dukurikije imibare yaturutse mu ishyirahamwe ry’imodoka zitwara abagenzi mu Bushinwa, kuva ku ya 1 kugeza ku ya 8 Kamena 2023, imodoka y’igihugu itwara abagenzi isoko rishya ry’isoko ry’ingufu ryageze ku modoka 202.000, umwaka ushize wiyongera 40%, naho igipimo gishya cy’isoko ry’ingufu cyinjira kigera kuri 58.8%. Nta gushidikanya ko aya makuru yagize uruhare runini mu iterambere rikomeye ry’inganda nshya z’ingufu z’igihugu cyanjye.
Ku bijyanye no guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga, Xiaomi Automobile Technology Co., Ltd. iherutse kubona uruhushya rw’ipatanti y '“uburyo bwo gutangiza chip, chip yo ku rwego rwa sisitemu n'imodoka”. Kugura iyi patenti bizafasha kugabanya igihe cyo gutangira cya chip kurwego rwa sisitemu, kugabanya gukoresha ingufu no kunoza uburambe bwabakoresha. Byongeye kandi, Seres Automobile Co., Ltd nayo imaze gutera intambwe nshya mu bijyanye n’ikoranabuhanga ryo kugenzura ibinyabiziga. Porogaramu ya patenti y "uburyo bwo kugenzura ibimenyetso, sisitemu n'ibinyabiziga" imenya kugenzura ibinyabiziga mu kumenya ibimenyetso by'abakoresha, biteza imbere uburambe bw'imodoka.
Muri icyo gihe, Itsinda ry’imodoka rya Dongfeng naryo ryateye intambwe nshya mu rwego rwo gutwara ibinyabiziga byigenga. Gusaba ipatanti y "uburyo bwo kugenzura ibinyabiziga byigenga bifata ibyemezo, ibikoresho n'ibinyabiziga" byashyizwe ahagaragara, bihuza uburyo bwimbitse bwo kwiga bushimangira hamwe n’icyitegererezo cy’umutekano cyita ku nshingano kugira ngo umutekano w’ibinyabiziga mu gihe utwaye ibinyabiziga byigenga. Ibi bishya byikoranabuhanga ntabwo bizamura urwego rwubwenge bwibinyabiziga bishya byingufu gusa, ahubwo binatanga abaguzi uburambe bwingendo kandi bworoshye.
3. Ubufatanye mpuzamahanga n'amahirwe yo kwisoko
Ku isoko mpuzamahanga, inganda zitwara ibinyabiziga zabonye ubufatanye n’ishoramari kenshi. Minisitiri w’ubukungu muri Mexico, Marcelo Ebrard, yavuze ko inganda nyinshi za GM muri Mexico zikora bisanzwe kandi ko nta biteganijwe ko hafungwa cyangwa kwirukanwa. Muri icyo gihe, GM irateganya kandi gushora hafi miliyari 4 z'amadolari mu nganda eshatu zo muri Amerika mu myaka ibiri iri imbere kugira ngo yongere umusaruro w’imodoka zagurishijwe cyane. Ishoramari ntirigaragaza gusa GM icyizere ku isoko, ahubwo inatanga amahirwe mashya kubufatanye mpuzamahanga.
Umuyobozi mukuru wa Tesla, Elon Musk, yatangaje ko imodoka ya mbere ya Tesla ishobora kuva mu murongo w’uruganda rugana mu rugo rw’abakiriya izoherezwa ku ya 28 Kamena, ibyo bikaba ari intambwe nshya mu ikoranabuhanga ryigenga rya Tesla. Iri terambere ntabwo ryongera isoko rya Tesla gusa kurushanwa, ahubwo rinashyiraho igipimo cyerekana iterambere ryikoranabuhanga mu nganda z’imodoka ku isi.
Toyota Motor na Daimler Truck bumvikanye bwa nyuma bwo guhuza Hino Motors, ishami rya Toyota, na Mitsubishi Fuso Truck na Bus, ishami rya Daimler Truck. Uku kwibumbira hamwe bizafasha ubufatanye mugutezimbere, gutanga amasoko no kubyaza umusaruro ibinyabiziga byubucuruzi, kandi biteganijwe ko bizarushaho kuzamura ubushobozi bwamasosiyete yombi kumasoko yimodoka yubucuruzi.
Isoko rishya ry’imodoka z’ingufu mu Bushinwa riri mu cyiciro cy’iterambere ryihuse. Inkunga ya politiki y’igihugu, guteza imbere udushya mu ikoranabuhanga n’amahirwe y’ubufatanye ku isoko mpuzamahanga byahaye amasosiyete y’imodoka yo mu Bushinwa umwanya munini w’iterambere. Turahamagarira tubikuye ku mutima abadandaza b’amahanga gufatanya natwe guteza imbere isoko rishya ry’imodoka n’ingufu no kugera ku nyungu zombi kandi zunguka.
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-21-2025