Izamuka ry’ibinyabiziga bishya by’Ubushinwa byohereza mu mahanga: umushoferi mushya w’isoko ry’isi

Mu myaka yashize, Ubushinwa bushyainganda zitwara ingufuyagize iterambere ryihuse kandi yabaye umukinnyi wingenzi kumasoko yimodoka yamashanyarazi kwisi. Dukurikije imibare iheruka gukorwa ku isoko n’isesengura ry’inganda, Ubushinwa ntabwo bwageze ku bikorwa bitangaje ku isoko ry’imbere mu gihugu, ahubwo bwerekanye no guhangana ku isoko mpuzamahanga. Iyi ngingo izasesengura uko ibintu bimeze, imbogamizi hamwe n’iterambere ry’ejo hazaza h’Ubushinwa bushya bwo gutwara ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga mu buryo butandukanye.

1. Iterambere ryihuse ry’inganda nshya z’ingufu z’Ubushinwa

Iterambere ry’inganda nshya z’ingufu z’Ubushinwa rishobora guhera mu mwaka wa 2010, igihe iki gihugu cyatangizaga politiki zitandukanye zo guteza imbere ibinyabiziga by’amashanyarazi. Hamwe n’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga rikomeje kwiyongera no gukenera isoko, abakora ibinyabiziga by’amashanyarazi mu Bushinwa nka BYD, NIO, na Xpeng bagaragaye vuba kandi babaye abakinnyi bakomeye ku isoko ry’ibinyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi ku isi.

Nk’uko Ishyirahamwe ry’Abashinwa bakora inganda z’imodoka ribitangaza, mu Bushinwa kugurisha imodoka nshya z’ingufu zageze kuri miliyoni 6.8 mu 2022, bingana na 60% by’imodoka zikoreshwa n’amashanyarazi ku isi. Iyi mibare ntabwo igaragaza ubuyobozi bw’Ubushinwa mu bijyanye n’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi, ahubwo inagaragaza ubushobozi bukomeye mu guhanga udushya no kuzamura isoko.

2. Kwagura amasoko yoherezwa mu mahanga

Mugihe isoko yimbere mu gihugu igenda yuzura buhoro buhoro, abakora ibinyabiziga bishya byingufu mubushinwa batangiye kwerekeza ibitekerezo byabo kumasoko mpuzamahanga. Dukurikije imibare yaturutse mu buyobozi bukuru bwa gasutamo, mu Bushinwa imodoka nshya z’ingufu zoherezwa mu mahanga zageze ku 500.000 mu 2022, umwaka ushize wiyongereyeho 120%. Iri terambere riterwa ahanini nimpamvu zikurikira:

. Kurugero, bateri ya BYD ifite imikorere myiza mumutekano no kwihangana, ikurura abakiriya benshi mpuzamahanga.

. Ku baguzi ku masoko menshi mpuzamahanga, igiciro nigitekerezo cyingenzi muguhitamo ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi.

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3. Isesengura ryamasoko akomeye yohereza ibicuruzwa hanze

Amasoko mashya y’ibinyabiziga byohereza ibicuruzwa mu Bushinwa yibanda cyane cyane mu Burayi, Aziya y’Amajyepfo y’Amajyepfo, Amerika yepfo n’utundi turere.

(1) Isoko ry’iburayi: Mu gihe ibihugu by’Uburayi byita cyane kuri politiki yo kurengera ibidukikije, icyifuzo cy’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi gikomeje kwiyongera. Abashoramari b'Abashinwa nka Weilai na Xiaopeng bitwaye neza cyane ku isoko ry’Uburayi, cyane cyane mu bihugu nka Noruveje, Ubudage n'Ubufaransa. Urutonde rwa Weilai rwatsindiye muri Noruveje rugaragaza ko imenyekanisha ry’imodoka z’amashanyarazi mu Bushinwa ku isoko ry’iburayi.

. Guverinoma z’ibi bihugu ziteza imbere cyane gukwirakwiza ibinyabiziga by’amashanyarazi no gutanga isoko ryiza. Umushinga wa bisi y'amashanyarazi ya BYD muri Tayilande wagenze neza, ukomeza gushimangira umwanya wacyo ku isoko ryo mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Aziya.

(3) Isoko ryo muri Amerika yepfo: Isabwa ryimodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi kumasoko yo muri Amerika yepfo naryo riragenda ryiyongera. Abashinwa bashya bakora ibinyabiziga bitanga ingufu byafunguye amasoko mubihugu nka Berezile na Arijantine bakorana namasosiyete yaho.

IV. Inzitizi

Nubwo imodoka nshya z’ingufu z’Ubushinwa zimaze kugera ku bintu bitangaje ku isoko mpuzamahanga, ziracyafite imbogamizi:

. Nigute ushobora kuzamura ishusho yikimenyetso no kwizerana kwabaguzi nikibazo ibigo byabashinwa bigomba gukemura.

. Ibigo byabashinwa bigomba kwitabira byimazeyo inzitizi zubucuruzi no gushaka ingamba zikwiye zo kwinjiza isoko.

(3) Itandukaniro mubipimo bya tekiniki: Ibihugu bitandukanye bifite ibipimo bya tekiniki bitandukanye nibisabwa mumutekano kubinyabiziga byamashanyarazi. Ibigo byabashinwa bigomba kugira ibyo bihindura no kunoza bishingiye kubisabwa ku isoko rigenewe.

V. Inzira z'iterambere ry'ejo hazaza

Urebye imbere, ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu byoherezwa mu mahanga bikomeje kuba binini. Mu gihe isi yitaye cyane ku majyambere arambye, isoko ry’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi rizakomeza kwiyongera. Ibigo byabashinwa birashobora kurushaho kwagura amasoko mpuzamahanga muburyo bukurikira:

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