Mu myaka yashize, hamwe nogukwirakwiza buhoro buhoro ikoranabuhanga rifasha gutwara ibinyabiziga, mugihe ritanga uburyo bworoshye bwingendo zabantu burimunsi, bizana kandi umutekano muke. Impanuka zo mumuhanda zikunze kuvugwa zatumye umutekano wabafashijwe gutwara ibinyabiziga bigibwaho impaka mubitekerezo rusange. Muri byo, niba ari ngombwa guha ibikoresho bya sisitemu yo gutwara ibinyabiziga bifasha itara hanze y’imodoka kugira ngo byerekane neza uko ibinyabiziga bigenda bigenda byibandwaho.
Ni ubuhe buryo bwerekana ibinyabiziga bifasha gutwara?
Itara ryitwa sisitemu yo gutwara sisitemu yerekana urumuri rwihariye rwashyizwe hanze yikinyabiziga. Binyuze mu myanya yihariye yo kwishyiriraho n'amabara, ni ikimenyetso cyerekana izindi modoka nabanyamaguru kumuhanda ko sisitemu yo gutwara ibinyabiziga igenzura imikorere yimodoka, byongera imyumvire yabakoresha mumihanda. Igamije guteza imbere umutekano wo mu muhanda no kugabanya impanuka zo mu muhanda ziterwa no kudacira urubanza uko ibinyabiziga bigenda.
Ihame ryakazi ryayo rishingiye kuri sensor na sisitemu yo kugenzura imbere yikinyabiziga. Iyo ikinyabiziga gifunguye ibikorwa bifasha gutwara, sisitemu izahita ikora amatara yicyapa kugirango yibutse abandi bakoresha umuhanda kwitondera.
Iyobowe namasosiyete yimodoka, ifasha sisitemu yo gutwara ibimenyetso yamashanyarazi ikoreshwa gake
Kuri iki cyiciro, kubera ko nta tegeko ngenderwaho ry’igihugu riteganijwe, mu ngero zigurishwa ku isoko ry’imodoka zo mu gihugu, gusa Moderi ya Li Auto ifite ibikoresho byifashishwa mu gucana amatara ya sisitemu yo gutwara, kandi ibara ry’amatara ni ubururu-icyatsi. Dufashe urugero rwa Ideal L9, imodoka yose ifite amatara 5 yose hamwe, 4 imbere na 1 inyuma (LI L7 ifite 2). Itara ryerekana rifite ibikoresho byombi byiza bya AD Pro na AD Max. Byumvikane ko muburyo budasanzwe, iyo ikinyabiziga gifunguye sisitemu yo gutwara, urumuri rw'icyapa ruzahita rumurika. Twabibutsa ko iyi mikorere nayo ishobora kuzimwa intoki.
Urebye ku rwego mpuzamahanga, nta bipimo bifatika cyangwa ibisobanuro bifatika bifasha amatara ya sisitemu yo gutwara ibinyabiziga mu bihugu bitandukanye, kandi amasosiyete menshi y'imodoka afata iyambere yo kuyateranya. Fata urugero rwa Mercedes-Benz. Nyuma yo kwemererwa kugurisha ibinyabiziga bifite uburyo bwo gutwara (Drive Pilote) muri Californiya na Nevada, byafashe iyambere mukongeramo amatara yicyapa cya turquoise kumodoka ya Mercedes-Benz S-Class na Mercedes-Benz EQS. Iyo uburyo bwo gutwara ibinyabiziga bufashijwe bukora, amatara nayo azacanwa icyarimwe kugirango abimenyeshe izindi modoka nabanyamaguru kumuhanda, hamwe nabashinzwe kubahiriza amategeko yumuhanda.
Ntabwo bigoye kubona ko nubwo iterambere ryihuse ryiterambere rya tekinoroji yo gutwara ibinyabiziga ku isi, haracyari ibitagenda neza mubipimo bifatika bifatika. Umubare munini wibigo byimodoka byibanda kubushakashatsi bwikoranabuhanga niterambere no kwamamaza ibicuruzwa. Kuri sisitemu yo gutwara ibinyabiziga bifashisha amatara nibindi bititabwaho bidahagije kubyingenzi byingenzi bijyanye numutekano wo gutwara ibinyabiziga.
Gutezimbere umutekano wumuhanda, ni ngombwa gushiraho amatara yerekana sisitemu yo gutwara
Mubyukuri, impamvu yibanze yo gushiraho amatara yerekana ibimenyetso bifasha sisitemu yo kugabanya impanuka zo mumuhanda no guteza imbere umutekano wo gutwara ibinyabiziga. Urebye muburyo bwa tekiniki, nubwo sisitemu yo gutwara ibinyabiziga ifasha murugo itaragera kurwego rwa L3 "gutwara ibinyabiziga byigenga", biregeranye cyane mubikorwa bifatika. Amasosiyete amwe yimodoka yabanje kuvuga mukuzamurwa kwabo ko urwego rufasha gutwara ibinyabiziga byabo rushya ari urwego L2.99999 ... urwego, ruri hafi ya L3. Zhu Xichan, umwarimu mu ishuri rya kaminuza ry’imodoka rya kaminuza ya Tongji, yizera ko gushyira amatara yerekana ibimenyetso bifasha gutwara ibinyabiziga bifite akamaro ku modoka zifite ubwenge. Ubu imodoka nyinshi zivuga ko ari L2 + mubyukuri zifite ubushobozi bwa L3. Abashoferi bamwe bakoresha mubyukuri Muburyo bwo gukoresha imodoka, hazakoreshwa ingeso zo gukoresha L3, nko gutwara udafite amaboko cyangwa ibirenge igihe kirekire, bizatera umutekano muke. Kubwibyo, mugihe ufunguye sisitemu yo gutwara ibinyabiziga, hagomba kubaho kwibutsa neza kubandi bakoresha umuhanda hanze.
Mu ntangiriro z'uyu mwaka, nyir'imodoka yafunguye sisitemu ifasha gutwara igihe atwaye umuvuduko mwinshi. Kubera iyo mpamvu, igihe yahinduraga inzira, yibeshye icyapa imbere ye kugira ngo kibe imbogamizi hanyuma yihuta ahagarara mu buryo butunguranye, bituma imodoka yari imuri inyuma idashobora kwirinda imodoka kandi itera impanuka y'inyuma. Tekereza gusa, niba imodoka ya nyir'imodoka ifite ibikoresho bifasha sisitemu yo gutwara ibinyabiziga kandi ikayifungura byanze bikunze, byanze bikunze izibutsa neza ibinyabiziga bikikije: Nafunguye sisitemu yo gutwara. Abatwara ibinyabiziga bindi bazaba maso nyuma yo kwakira bidatinze bagafata iyambere kugirango bagume kure cyangwa bakomeze intera ndende itekanye, ishobora kubuza impanuka kubaho. Ni muri urwo rwego, Zhang Yue, visi perezida mukuru wa Careers Consulting, yemeza ko ari ngombwa gushyira amatara y’ibyapa hanze ku binyabiziga bifite ibikorwa byo gufasha gutwara. Kugeza ubu, umuvuduko w’ibinyabiziga bifite L2 + sisitemu yo gutwara ibinyabiziga bigenda byiyongera. Hari amahirwe menshi yo guhura nikinyabiziga gifite sisitemu ya L2 + mugihe utwaye mumuhanda, ariko ntibishoboka gucira urubanza hanze. Niba hari itara ryicyapa hanze, izindi modoka kumuhanda zizumva neza uko ikinyabiziga kimeze, kizakangurira kuba maso, cyitondere cyane mugihe gikurikira cyangwa gihujwe, kandi kigakomeza intera ikwiye.
Mubyukuri, uburyo busa bwo kuburira ntibusanzwe. Ikizwi cyane birashoboka ko ari "ikimenyetso cyo kwimenyereza umwuga". Ukurikije ibisabwa muri "Amabwiriza yerekeye gusaba no gukoresha impushya zo gutwara ibinyabiziga", amezi 12 nyuma yumushoferi utwara ibinyabiziga abonye uruhushya rwo gutwara ni igihe cyo kwimenyereza umwuga. Muri iki gihe, iyo utwaye ibinyabiziga bifite moteri, uburyo bumwe "ikimenyetso cyo kwimenyereza umwuga" bigomba kumanikwa cyangwa kumanikwa inyuma yumubiri wikinyabiziga. . ibinyabiziga, cyangwa gukurikira cyangwa guhuriza hamwe nibindi binyabiziga. Kureka intera ihagije yumutekano iyo urengeje urugero yaba ikinyabiziga gitwarwa numuntu cyangwa na sisitemu ifashwa yo gutwara, ishobora gukurura byoroshye uburangare no guca imanza nabi, bityo bikongera ibyago byimpanuka zo mumuhanda.
Ibipimo bigomba kunozwa. Amatara ya sisitemu yo gutwara ibinyabiziga agomba gukurikizwa byemewe n'amategeko.
None, kubera ko amatara ya sisitemu yo gutwara ibinyabiziga afasha ari ngombwa, igihugu gifite politiki n'amabwiriza bijyanye no kubikurikirana? Mubyukuri, kuri iki cyiciro, gusa amabwiriza y’ibanze yasohowe na Shenzhen, "Amabwiriza yihariye y’imicungire y’imodoka ya Shenzhen y’Ubukungu bw’imodoka" asabwa neza kugira ngo amatara y’ibyapa ashyirwe ahagaragara, avuga ko "ku bijyanye no gutwara ibinyabiziga byigenga, imodoka zifite ubwigenge uburyo bwo gutwara ibinyabiziga bugomba kuba bufite ibyuma byerekana "Icyerekezo cyo gutwara ibinyabiziga cyo hanze nkibutsa", ariko aya mabwiriza akoreshwa gusa muburyo butatu bwimodoka ihuza ubwenge: gutwara ibinyabiziga byigenga, gutwara byigenga cyane no gutwara byigenga. Muyandi magambo, ni gusa bifite ishingiro kuri L3 no hejuru kuri "amatara yigenga yo gutwara ibinyabiziga" kandi itariki iteganijwe gushyirwa mubikorwa ni Nyakanga 2025. Ariko, 1 Mutarama.
Ntawahakana ko iterambere ryurwego rwa L3 rwigenga rwatangiye kwihuta, ariko muriki cyiciro, sisitemu nyamukuru yo mu rugo ifasha gutwara ibinyabiziga iracyibanda kurwego rwa L2 cyangwa L2 +. Dukurikije imibare yaturutse mu ishyirahamwe ry’imodoka zitwara abagenzi, kuva muri Mutarama kugeza Gashyantare 2024, igipimo cyo gushyiraho imodoka nshya zitwara abagenzi zifite ingufu za L2 no hejuru yazo zafashijwe mu gutwara ibinyabiziga zageze kuri 62.5%, muri zo L2 iracyafite igice kinini. Lu Fang, umuyobozi mukuru wa Lantu Auto, yabanje kuvuga mu nama ya Summer Davos muri Kamena ko "biteganijwe ko gutwara ibinyabiziga byo mu rwego rwa L2 bizamenyekana cyane mu myaka itatu cyangwa itanu." Birashobora kugaragara ko ibinyabiziga L2 na L2 + bizakomeza kuba umubiri nyamukuru wisoko mugihe kirekire kizaza. Turahamagarira rero inzego zigihugu zibishinzwe gusuzuma byimazeyo uko isoko ryifashe mugihe dushiraho ibipimo bifatika, dushyiramo amatara ya sisitemu yo gutwara ibinyabiziga bifashwa mu bipimo ngenderwaho by’igihugu, kandi icyarimwe ugahuza umubare, ibara ryoroheje, umwanya, icyambere, n'ibindi by'amatara y'ibimenyetso. Kurinda umutekano wo gutwara ibinyabiziga.
Twongeyeho, turasaba kandi Minisiteri y’inganda n’ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho gushyira mu "ngamba z’ubuyobozi zo kwemerera uruhushya rwo gukora ibinyabiziga byo mu muhanda n’abakora ibicuruzwa" kugira ngo bashyire ku rutonde ibikoresho bifite amatara yerekana ibimenyetso bifasha gutwara ibinyabiziga kugira ngo binjire mu modoka nshya kandi nk'imwe mu bintu bipima umutekano bigomba kunyuzwa mbere yuko imodoka ishyirwa ku isoko. .
Ibisobanuro byiza inyuma yubufasha bwa sisitemu yerekana ibimenyetso
Nka kimwe mu bikoresho byumutekano wibinyabiziga, kwinjiza amatara yerekana ibimenyetso bifasha gutwara ibinyabiziga bishobora guteza imbere iterambere rusange ryiterambere rya tekinoroji ifashwa hifashishijwe uburyo bwo gutondekanya tekinike n'ibipimo ngenderwaho. Kurugero, binyuze mubishushanyo byamabara nuburyo bwo gucana amatara yicyapa, urwego rutandukanye rwa sisitemu zifasha gutwara zishobora kurushaho gutandukanywa, nka L2, L3, nibindi, bityo byihutisha kumenyekanisha sisitemu zifasha gutwara.
Ku baguzi, kumenyekanisha amatara yerekana sisitemu yo gutwara ibinyabiziga bizafasha mu mucyo inganda zose z’imodoka zifite ubwenge, zifasha abaguzi gusobanukirwa byimazeyo ibinyabiziga bifite sisitemu yo gutwara ibinyabiziga bifasha, kandi bikongerera ubumenyi no gusobanukirwa na sisitemu zifasha gutwara. Sobanukirwa, utezimbere kwizerana no kwemerwa. Ku masosiyete yimodoka, amatara afasha sisitemu yo gutwara ibimenyetso ntagushidikanya ni intangiriro yerekana ubuyobozi bwibicuruzwa. Kurugero, mugihe abaguzi babonye ikinyabiziga gifite amatara yerekana sisitemu yo gutwara, bazahita babihuza nikoranabuhanga rikomeye n'umutekano. Amashusho meza nkimibonano mpuzabitsina afitanye isano, bityo kongera intego yo kugura.
Byongeye kandi, duhereye ku rwego rwa macro, hamwe niterambere ryisi yose yikoranabuhanga rikoresha ibinyabiziga bihujwe, guhanahana tekiniki n’ubufatanye mpuzamahanga byabaye byinshi. Ukurikije uko ibintu bimeze ubu, ibihugu byo ku isi ntibifite amabwiriza asobanutse hamwe n’ibipimo bihuriweho byerekana amatara ya sisitemu yo gutwara. Nkumuntu ufite uruhare runini mubijyanye n’ikoranabuhanga ry’ibinyabiziga bihujwe n’ubwenge, igihugu cyanjye gishobora kuyobora no guteza imbere uburyo bw’ikoranabuhanga ryafashijwe ku isi hose bifata iyambere mu gushyiraho amahame akomeye agenga amatara y’ibimenyetso bifasha gutwara ibinyabiziga, bizafasha kurushaho kuzamura uruhare rw’igihugu cyanjye murwego mpuzamahanga rusanzwe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-05-2024