Kugeza ubu, icyiciro gishya cy’ibinyabiziga gifite ingufu cyarenze kure cyane mu bihe byashize kandi cyinjiye mu gihe cy '"uburabyo". Vuba aha, Chery yasohoye iCAR, ibaye imodoka yambere itunganijwe neza yamashanyarazi yumuhanda utwara umuhanda; BYD's Honor Edition yazanye igiciro cyimodoka nshya zingufu ziri munsi yimodoka ya lisansi, mugihe ikirango cya Look Up gikomeje kuzamura igiciro kurwego rushya. muremure. Nk’uko gahunda ibiteganya, Xpeng Motors izashyira ahagaragara imodoka nshya 30 mu myaka itatu iri imbere, ndetse n’ibicuruzwa bya Geely na byo bikomeje kwiyongera. Amasosiyete mashya yimodoka yingufu zirimo guhagarika ibicuruzwa / ibirango, kandi imbaraga zayo zirenze amateka yimodoka ya lisansi, yari ifite "abana benshi nintambara nyinshi".
Nibyo koko kubera imiterere isa naho yoroshye, urwego rwo hejuru rwubwenge nogukwirakwiza amashanyarazi mumashanyarazi mashya, ukwezi kuva gushinga imishinga kugeza gutangiza ibinyabiziga ni bigufi cyane kuruta ibinyabiziga bya lisansi. Ibi kandi bitanga korohereza ibigo guhanga udushya no gutangiza vuba ibicuruzwa bishya nibicuruzwa. Ariko, guhera kubisabwa ku isoko, amasosiyete yimodoka agomba gusobanura ingamba z "kuvuka kwinshi" na "eugenics" kugirango arusheho kumenyekana ku isoko. "Ibicuruzwa byinshi" bivuze ko ibigo byimodoka bifite imirongo ikungahaye yibicuruzwa bishobora guhaza ibyifuzo byabaguzi batandukanye. Ariko "gukwirakwizwa" byonyine ntibihagije kugirango isoko ritsinde neza, "eugene" nayo irakenewe. Ibi bikubiyemo kugera ku ntera nziza mu bwiza bw’ibicuruzwa, imikorere, ubwenge, n'ibindi, ndetse no gutuma ibicuruzwa bigera ku baguzi neza binyuze mu buryo bunoze bwo guhitamo isoko no ku isoko. Bamwe mu basesenguzi bagaragaje ko mu gihe ibigo bishya by’ibinyabiziga bitanga ingufu bikurikirana ibicuruzwa bitandukanye, bigomba no kwibanda ku kuzamura ibicuruzwa no guhanga udushya. Gusa mubyukuri "kubyara byinshi na eugeneque" dushobora guhagarara neza mumarushanwa akomeye kumasoko kandi tugashimwa nabaguzi.
01
Ibicuruzwa bikungahaye bitigeze bibaho
Ku ya 28 Gashyantare, iCAR 03, icyitegererezo cya mbere cy’imodoka nshya y’ingufu za Chery iCAR, cyashyizwe ahagaragara. Moderi 6 zose hamwe nuburyo butandukanye zashyizwe ahagaragara. Igiciro cyemewe cyo kuyobora ni 109.800 kugeza 169.800. Iyi moderi yibasira urubyiruko nkitsinda ryayo rikuru ry’abaguzi kandi ryamanuye neza igiciro cy’amashanyarazi meza y’amashanyarazi agera ku 100.000 Yuan, bituma yinjira cyane ku isoko ry’imodoka A. Ku ya 28 Gashyantare, BYD yakoresheje inama nini yo gutangiza super super ya Han na Tang Honor Editions, itangiza ubu buryo bubiri bushya butangirwa igiciro cya 169.800 gusa. Mu kwezi gushize, BYD yasohoye moderi eshanu zicyubahiro Edition, ibiranga ibiciro byazo bihendutse.
Kwinjira muri Werurwe, imivurungano yimodoka nshya yarushijeho gukomera. Ku ya 6 Werurwe honyine, hashyizwe ahagaragara moderi nshya 7. Kugaragara k'umubare munini w'imodoka nshya ntabwo bikomeza kuvugurura umurongo wo hasi ukurikije ibiciro, ahubwo binatuma itandukaniro ryibiciro riri hagati yisoko ryimodoka nziza yamashanyarazi nisoko ryibinyabiziga bya peteroli bigenda bigabanuka buhoro buhoro, cyangwa bikamanuka; mubijyanye no kuranga hagati-kugeza-hejuru-ibirango, guhora utezimbere imikorere nibikorwa nabyo bituma amarushanwa mumasoko yo murwego rwohejuru arushaho gukomera. Umusatsi mwinshi. Isoko ryimodoka ryubu rifite ibihe bitigeze bibaho byo gutunganya ibicuruzwa, ndetse binaha abantu imyumvire yuzuye. Ibirango bikomeye byigenga nka BYD, Geely, Chery, Urukuta runini, na Changan biratangiza cyane ibicuruzwa bishya kandi byihutisha umuvuduko wo gutangiza ibicuruzwa bishya. Cyane cyane mubijyanye nibinyabiziga bishya byingufu, ibirango bishya bimera nkibihumyo nyuma yimvura. Amarushanwa yo ku isoko arakaze cyane, ndetse no muri sosiyete imwe. Hariho kandi urwego runaka rwihiganwa ryabahuje ibitsina mubirango bishya bitandukanye munsi yikimenyetso, bigatuma bigorana gutandukanya ibirango.
02
“Kora imizingo vuba”
Intambara y'ibiciro irimo kwiyongera mubijyanye n’imodoka nshya zingufu, kandi ibinyabiziga bya lisansi ntibigomba gukererwa. Bakomeje gukaza umurego mu ntambara y’ibiciro ku isoko ry’imodoka binyuze mu buryo butandukanye bwo kwamamaza nk’inkunga yo gusimbuza. Iyi ntambara yibiciro ntabwo igarukira gusa kumarushanwa yibiciro, ahubwo igera no mubice byinshi nka serivisi nibirango. Chen Shihua, umunyamabanga mukuru wungirije w’ishyirahamwe ry’abashinwa bakora inganda z’imodoka, avuga ko uyu mwaka irushanwa ku isoko ry’imodoka rizarushaho gukomera.
Xu Haidong, umuyobozi mukuru wungirije ushinzwe ishyirahamwe ry’abashinwa bakora inganda z’imodoka, mu kiganiro yagiranye n’umunyamakuru w’ikinyamakuru cy’imodoka cy’Ubushinwa yavuze ko hamwe no kwagura isoko rishya ry’imodoka n’ingufu ndetse no kuzamura imbaraga rusange z’inganda, ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu bifite buhoro buhoro yagize ijambo mubiciro. Muri iki gihe, uburyo bwo kugena ibinyabiziga bishya bitanga ingufu ntibikivuga ibinyabiziga bya lisansi kandi byashizeho uburyo bwihariye bwo kugena ibiciro. Cyane cyane kubirango bimwe na bimwe byo murwego rwohejuru, nka Ideal na NIO, nyuma yo gushiraho ikimenyetso runaka, ubushobozi bwibiciro nabyo byiyongereye. Noneho biratera imbere.
Nkuko ibigo bishya by’ibinyabiziga bitanga ingufu byongereye kugenzura urwego rutanga, barushijeho gukomera mu micungire no kugenzura urwego rutanga, kandi ubushobozi bwabo bwo kugabanya ibiciro no kongera imikorere nabwo burahora butera imbere. Ibi biteza imbere mu buryo butaziguye igabanuka ryibiciro mubice byose byurwego rutanga isoko, aribyo bituma ibiciro byibicuruzwa bikomeza kugabanuka. By'umwihariko iyo bigeze ku itangwa ry'amashanyarazi n'ibice bigize amashanyarazi, ibyo bigo byahindutse bivuye mu kwakira byimazeyo amagambo yavuzwe n'ababitanze mu bihe byashize bikoresha ibicuruzwa byinshi byaguzwe kugira ngo byumvikane ku biciro, bityo bikomeze kugabanya ibiciro byo kugura ibice. Ingaruka nini ituma igiciro cyibicuruzwa byuzuye byimodoka bigabanuka.
Mu guhangana n’intambara ikaze y’ibiciro ku isoko, amasosiyete y’imodoka yafashe ingamba zo “gukora vuba”. Amasosiyete yimodoka arakora cyane kugirango agabanye iterambere ryikinyabiziga gishya kandi yihutishe itangizwa ryimodoka nshya kugirango abone amahirwe mubice bitandukanye byisoko. Mugihe ibiciro bikomeje kugabanuka, amasosiyete yimodoka ntabwo yorohereje gukurikirana imikorere yibicuruzwa. Mugihe batezimbere imikorere yimodoka nuburambe bwo gutwara, bakora kandi uburinganire bwubwenge byibandwaho mumarushanwa yisoko. Mu imurikagurisha rya iCAR03, umuntu bireba ushinzwe Chery Automobile yavuze ko mu guhindura uburyo bwo guhuza porogaramu za AI hamwe n’ibikoresho, iCAR03 igamije guha urubyiruko uburambe buhendutse bwo gutwara ibinyabiziga. Uyu munsi, moderi nyinshi kumasoko zikurikirana uburambe bwo gukora neza bwubwenge bwo gutwara ibiciro. Iyi phenomenon iragaragara hose kumasoko yimodoka.
03
“Eugeneque” ntishobora kwirengagizwa
Mugihe ibicuruzwa bigenda byiyongera kandi ibiciro bikomeza kugabanuka, ingamba zamasosiyete yimodoka "ibisekuruza byinshi" irihuta. Ibigo hafi ya byose byanze bikunze, cyane cyane ibirango byigenga. Mu myaka yashize, ibirango byigenga byigenga byashyize mubikorwa ingamba nyinshi zo gufata imigabane myinshi. BYD, kurugero, isanzwe ifite urutonde rwibicuruzwa kuva kumurongo-urwego kugeza murwego rwo hejuru, harimo ibirango bitanu. Nk’uko amakuru abitangaza, urukurikirane rw'inyanja rwibanda ku isoko ry'abakoresha bato hamwe na 100.000 kugeza 200.000; urukurikirane rw'Ingoma yibasira abakoresha bakuze hamwe na 150.000 kugeza 300.000; ikirango cya Denza cyibanda ku isoko ryimodoka yumuryango hamwe n’amafaranga arenga 300.000; n'ikimenyetso cya Fangbao nacyo cyibasira isoko. Isoko riri hejuru ya 300.000 yuan, ariko rishimangira kugiti cyawe; ikirango cyo hejuru gishyizwe mumasoko yo murwego rwohejuru hamwe na miriyoni yuan. Kuvugurura ibicuruzwa byibi bicuruzwa birihuta, kandi ibicuruzwa byinshi bizashyirwa ahagaragara mugihe cyumwaka.
Hamwe no gusohora ikirango cya iCAR, Chery yarangije kandi kubaka sisitemu enye zikomeye za Chery, Xingtu, Jietu na iCAR, kandi irateganya gushyira ibicuruzwa bishya kuri buri kirango mu 2024. Urugero, ikirango cya Chery kizatera imbere icyarimwe lisansi n'inzira nshya zingufu kandi bikomeza gutezimbere ibyiciro bine byingenzi byerekana urugero nka Tiggo, Arrizo, Discovery na Fengyun; ikirango cya Xingtu giteganya gushyira ahagaragara lisansi zitandukanye, plug-in hybrid, amashanyarazi meza na Fengyun moderi muri 2024. Moderi yagutse; Ikirango cya Jietu kizashyira ahagaragara SUV zitandukanye n’imodoka zitari mu muhanda; na iCAR izanashyira ahagaragara SU0 yo mu rwego rwa A0.
Geely kandi ikubiyemo ibice byose byisoko ryo hejuru, hagati naryo ryo hasi binyuze mumasoko mashya yimodoka zingufu nka Galaxy, Geometry, Ruilan, Lynk & Co, Smart, Polestar, na Lotus. Byongeye kandi, ibirango bishya byingufu nka Changan Qiyuan, Shenlan, na Avita nabyo byihutisha itangizwa ryibicuruzwa bishya. Imbaraga nshya zo gukora imodoka Xpeng Motors, ndetse yatangaje ko iteganya gushyira ahagaragara imodoka nshya 30 mu myaka itatu iri imbere.
Nubwo ibyo bicuruzwa byatangije umubare munini wibirango nibicuruzwa mugihe gito, ntabwo benshi bashobora guhinduka cyane. Ibinyuranye, ibigo bike nka Tesla na Ideal byageze ku bicuruzwa byinshi hamwe n'imirongo mike y'ibicuruzwa. Kuva mu 2003, Tesla yagurishije moderi 6 gusa ku isoko ry’isi, kandi Model 3 na Model Y gusa ni byo bikorerwa cyane mu Bushinwa, ariko ibicuruzwa byayo ntibishobora gusuzugurwa. Umwaka ushize, Tesla (Shanghai) Co., Ltd yakoze imodoka zirenga 700.000, muri zo igurishwa rya buri mwaka rya Model Y mu Bushinwa rirenga 400.000. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, Li Auto yageze ku kugurisha imodoka zigera ku 380.000 zifite imiterere 3, ziba icyitegererezo cya “eugenics”.
Nk’uko Wang Qing, umuyobozi wungirije w'ikigo cy’ubukungu bw’isoko cy’ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi mu iterambere ry’Inama y’igihugu yabivuze, mu gihe amarushanwa akomeye ku isoko, ibigo bigomba gucukumbura byimazeyo ibikenewe mu bice bitandukanye by’isoko. Mugihe gikurikirana "byinshi", ibigo bigomba kurushaho kwita kuri "indashyikirwa" kandi ntibishobora gukurikirana buhumyi ubwinshi mugihe birengagije ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa no guhanga ubuziranenge. Gusa ukoresheje ingamba ziranga ibintu byinshi kugirango ukoreshe ibice byisoko kandi ube mwiza kandi ukomeye uruganda rwose rushobora gutera intambwe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-15-2024