Mu gihe isi ihanganye n’ingutu zikomeye z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere no kwangiza ibidukikije, inganda z’imodoka zirimo guhinduka cyane. Amakuru aheruka gutangwa mu Bwongereza yerekana ko hagabanutse cyane kwiyandikisha ku binyabiziga bisanzwe bya peteroli na mazutu, aho lisansi yagabanutseho 15.3% naho iyandikwa rya mazutu ryagabanutseho 7.7% muri Mutarama 2023.ibinyabiziga bishya byingufu (NEVs)kwisi yose. Iri hinduka ntirigaragaza gusa ko byihutirwa gukemura ibibazo birambye byo gutwara abantu, ahubwo binatanga amahirwe yubufatanye mpuzamahanga, cyane cyane n’abakora amamodoka akomeye yo mu Bushinwa.
IYANDIKA RY'IMODOKA ZISANZWE
Imibare yisoko ryimodoka yo mubwongereza irivugira ubwayo. Kwiyandikisha mu modoka ya peteroli byagabanutse kugera kuri 70.075, bingana na 50.3% gusa ku isoko, igabanuka rikabije riva kuri 57.9% mu gihe kimwe cya 2024.Inkuru yari imeze nk’imodoka ya mazutu, iyandikwa ryamanutse rigera ku bice 8,625, bingana na 6.2% ku isoko, igabanuka rito kuva kuri 6.5% umwaka ushize. Ibinyuranye na byo, kugurisha imodoka z’imvange byiyongereyeho 2,9% umwaka ushize kugera kuri 18.413, mu gihe imashini ivanga imashini yazamutseho 5.5% igera ku 12.598. Ikigaragara cyane ni uko iyandikwa ry’imodoka zifite amashanyarazi ryazamutse ku kigero cya 41,6% kugeza kuri 29,634, bingana na 21.3% by’isoko, aho biva kuri 14.7% mu 2024. Nubwo iri terambere ryiyongereye, intego y’uko Leta y’Ubwongereza ifite imigabane ingana na 22% ku isoko ry’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi mu 2024 ntizagerwaho, byerekana ko hakenewe ubundi buryo bwo gushishikarizwa no gushyigikira abaguzi kugira ngo binjire mu modoka ziva mu kirere.
GUKURA N'AKAZI
Kuzamuka kw'imodoka nshya z'ingufu ntabwo ari inzira gusa, ahubwo ni umusemburo w'iterambere ry'ubukungu no guhanga imirimo. Iterambere ryihuse ry’inganda nshya z’ingufu zashishikarije guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga rifitanye isano, gushimangira urwego rw’inganda, gukurura ishoramari ryinshi, no guteza imbere ubukungu bw’ibihugu bitandukanye. Gukora no kugurisha ibinyabiziga bishya byingufu bisaba umubare munini wumurimo, bityo bigatuma imirimo myinshi, cyane cyane mugukora bateri, kwishyuza ibikorwa remezo na serivisi nyuma yo kugurisha. Uku kwimura ibinyabiziga bishya byingufu ni uguhindura isoko ryumurimo, bisaba ubumenyi nubushobozi bushya, kandi bizana imbogamizi kumirimo mubikorwa bisanzwe byimodoka.
Mugihe ibihugu bigenda byerekeza ku bwikorezi burambye, icyifuzo cyabakozi bafite ubumenyi mu nganda za NEV kiziyongera gusa. Ihinduka ryerekana amahirwe adasanzwe kubihugu gushora imari muri gahunda ziterambere ryabakozi biha abantu ubumenyi bakeneye kugirango bateze imbere muruganda rukura. Mugutezimbere abakozi bafite ubuhanga, ibihugu birashobora kwemeza ko bikomeza guhatanwa kumasoko yisi ya NEV mugihe bikemura ikibazo cyo gutakaza akazi mubikorwa bisanzwe byimodoka.
AMARUSHANWA MPUZAMAHANGA N'UBUFATANYE
Isoko rya NEV ku isi rirarushanwa cyane, hamwe n’ibihugu bihatanira inyungu z’ikoranabuhanga n’umugabane ku isoko. Mu gihe hakenewe ibisubizo birambye byo gutwara abantu bikomeje kwiyongera, ibihugu bishyira mu bikorwa politiki yo kuzamura ubushobozi bw’inganda z’imbere mu gihugu. Kuruhande rwinyuma, ubufatanye namasosiyete yashinzwe, cyane cyane abakora ibinyabiziga byabashinwa, birashobora gutanga inyungu zingenzi. Ubushinwa bwagaragaye nk'umuyobozi muri NEVs, hamwe n’amasosiyete yayo ku isonga mu guhanga udushya n’umusaruro. Mugushiraho ubufatanye namasosiyete yubushinwa, ibihugu birashobora gukoresha ubumenyi, ikoranabuhanga, hamwe nogutanga amasoko kugirango byihutishe ibikorwa byabo bwite.
Byongeye kandi, ubufatanye mpuzamahanga bushobora guteza imbere gusangira ubumenyi n’imikorere myiza, bigafasha ibihugu guteza imbere urusobe rukomeye rwa NEV. Imbaraga zifatanije zirashobora kandi gutuma hashyirwaho amabwiriza asanzwe n’ibikorwa remezo, ari ngombwa mu gukwirakwiza NEVs. Mu gihe ibihugu bifatanyiriza hamwe guteza imbere ubwikorezi burambye, birashobora gufatanya gukemura ibibazo biterwa n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere kandi bikagira uruhare mu bikorwa byo kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere.
Umwanzuro: Uburyo bumwe bwo gutwara abantu burambye
Guhindura ibinyabiziga bishya byingufu nigihe cyingenzi mubikorwa byinganda zitwara ibinyabiziga, bifite ingaruka zikomeye ku kuzamuka kwubukungu, akazi no kubungabunga ibidukikije. Kugabanuka kwandikisha imodoka zisanzwe mubwongereza no kwiyongera kwamamodoka mashya yingufu byerekana ko imbaraga zimpinduka zidahakana. Icyakora, kugira ngo tumenye neza ko iyi nzibacyuho ishobora kubaho, ibihugu bigomba gufata inzira imwe, byibanda ku bufatanye n’ubufatanye, cyane cyane n’abakora amamodoka akomeye mu Bushinwa.
Mugukorera hamwe, ibihugu birashobora gushyiraho ibidukikije byorohereza iterambere ry’inganda nshya z’ingufu, guteza imbere udushya, guhanga imirimo no guteza imbere ubukungu burambye. Ubu ni igihe cyiza ku bihugu byo gukoresha amahirwe azanwa n’imodoka nshya z’ingufu no kuyobora politiki yazo mu bihe biri imbere kandi birambye. Binyuze mu bufatanye n’ubufatanye n’ubufatanye bufatika, umuryango w’isi urashobora guha inzira uburyo bwo gutwara abantu neza kandi bunoze, bityo bikungukira ubukungu n’ibidukikije.
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-14-2025