Kugira ngo igere kuri gahunda yo guhagarika kugurisha ibinyabiziga bya peteroli bitarenze 2035, ibihugu by'uburayi bitanga imbaraga z'ibinyabiziga bishya: Ku ruhande rumwe cyangwa gusonerwa imisoro, no ku rundi ruhande, inkunga yo gushyigikira ibinyabiziga bigura cyangwa gukoresha imodoka. Umuryango w'ubumwe bw'ibihugu by'Uburayi, nk'umuryango w'ibanze w'Ubukungu bw'Uburayi, watangije politiki yo kuyobora iterambere ry'ibinyabiziga bishya by'ingufu muri buri gihugu. Otirishiya, Kupuro, Ubufaransa, Ubugereki, Ubutaliyani no mu bindi bihugu mu buryo butaziguye mu buryo butemewe bwo kugura inkunga, Abanyabubi, Disden, muri Finvia, Lanmaniya, Lanmaniya, Lanmark, muri Elvaden, muri Elvaden, muri Elvaden, muri Elvaden, muri Elvaden, mu bihugu bya Finvia, kugira ngo bakoreshe imisoro, ahubwo bagatanga imisoro.
Ibikurikira ni politiki ijyanye na buri gihugu:
Otirishiya
1.Mu mwanya wa zeru-imyumbatizi ya Vat Inkeragutabara, ibarwa hakurikijwe igiciro cyose cy'ikinyabiziga (harimo na 20% umusoro ku byaha. igiciro cyose cyo kugura 40.000-80.000 euro, amayero ya mbere ya mbere atagira vati; > 80.000 euro, ntukishimire ibyiza byo gutabara kwa TVT.
2. Zeru-ouble ibinyabiziga byo gukoresha kugiti cyawe basonewe umusoro wa nyirubwite numwanda.
3. Gukoresha ibigori bya zeru-bihumeka bisonewe umusoro nyiricyubahiro nudusoro numwanda kandi ufite kugabanyirizwa 10%; Abakozi b'ibigo bakoresheje ibinyabiziga bya zeru bisonewe bisonewe umusoro.
4. Mu mpera za 2023, abakoresha kugiti cyabo bagura amashanyarazi yose ≥ 60.000
5. Abakoresha baguze mbere yuko 2023 barashobora kwishimira ibikoresho byibanze bikurikira: Amayero 600 yubutaka bwama euro yashizwemo urukuta (ibikoresho byihutirwa bikoreshwa nkubuyobozi bwuzuye). Bitatu bya nyuma biterwa ahanini nibidukikije.
Ububiligi
1. Ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi n'amavuta byishimira igipimo cy'imisoro yo hasi (EUR 61.50) i Bruxelles na Wallonia, n'imodoka z'amashanyarazi zisonewe umusoro muri Flanders.
2. Abakoresha kugiti cyabo kugiti cyabo cyamashanyarazi na lisansi ya lisansi i Buruseli na Walloniya bishimira igipimo cyumusoro ku 85.27 kumwaka, kandi umusoro wamashanyarazi wagabanutse kuva ku ya 21% kugeza ku ijana kugeza kuri 6%.
3. Abaguzi b'ibigo na Walloniya na bo bemerewe kandi imisoro y'imisoro ku binyabiziga by'akagari ndetse na lisansi.
4. Kubaguzi b'ibigo, urwego rwo hejuru rwo gutabara rukoreshwa muburyo bwibeshya hamwe na CO2 imyuka ≤ 50G kuri kilometero nimbaraga ≥ 50hw munsi yubumenyi bwa nedc.
Buligariya
1. Gusa ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi gusa
Korowasiya
1. Ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi ntibigengwa n'umusoro ku bicuruzwa ndetse n'imisoro idasanzwe y'ibidukikije.
2. Kugura ishami rishinzwe gutwara amashanyarazi
Cyprus
1. Gukoresha kugiti cyawe hamwe nu myuka ihumaka munsi ya 120g kuri kilometero isonewe umusoro.
2. Gusimbuza imodoka hamwe nu myuka ihumanywa zitari munsi ya 50G kuri kilometero kandi ntarenze € 19,000 zigera ku modoka zamashanyarazi gusa, kandi € 1,000 Integekwa nazo ziboneka zo gukuraho imodoka zishaje.
Repubulika ya Ceki
1. Imodoka zamashanyarazi cyangwa ibinyabiziga bya lisansi bisohoka munsi ya 50g ya karubone kuri dioxyde de carbone, bisonewe amafaranga yo kwiyandikisha kandi ufite ibyapa byihariye byiyandikisha kandi bifite ibyapa bidasanzwe.
2. Abakoresha benshi: Ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi na moderi ya Hybrid bisonewe umusoro ku muhanda; Ibinyabiziga bifite imyuka ihumanya ikirere zitari 50g kuri kilometero zisonewe imiti yimodoka; Igihe cyo guta agaciro cyibikoresho bitanga ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi bigufi kuva kumyaka 10 kugeza kumyaka 5.
3.Kugabanya 0.5-1% kuri bev na Phev kugirango bakoreshe imiterere yihariye, kandi igabanya imisoro yumuhanda kubintu byo gusimbuza ibinyabiziga.
Danimarike
1.Ibinyabiziga bihubamo bigengwa numusoro wa 40%, ukuyemo DKK 165.000 umusoro wo kwiyandikisha, na DKK 900 kuri KWH yubushobozi bwa bateri (kugeza kuri 45KWH).
2. Ibinyabiziga biri hasi (imyuka<50g co2km) are subject to a 55 per cent registration tax, less dkk 47,500 and 900 kwh of battery capacity (up maximum 45kwh).
3. Abakoresha kugiti cyabo ba Zeru-bihumanya hamwe nubwiyuha bwimyuka bugera kuri 58g CO2 / Km Inyungu zo hasi yumwaka wa DKK 370.
Finlande
1.From 1 Ukwakira 2021, imodoka za zeru-zumubano zisonewe zisonewe umusoro wo kwiyandikisha.
2.Abanyabiziga 2.Abatwara ibicuruzwa bisonewe ibirego by'imisoro ku mayero 170 buri kwezi kuri moderi ya Bev kuva 2021 kugeza 2025, no kwishyuza ibinyabiziga byakazi bisonewe umusoro ku nyungu.
Ubufaransa
1.Electric, Hybrid, Cng, LPG na E85 bisonewe byose cyangwa 50% byamashanyarazi, na selile ya 50 km ofm cyangwa byinshi) bigabanuka cyane.
2.Genterprise ibinyabiziga bisohora bitarenze 60g ya karuboni ya dioxyde kuri buri kilometero (usibye ibinyabiziga bya mazutu) bisonewe umusoro wa karubone.
3. Kugura ibinyabiziga byiza byamashanyarazi cyangwa ibinyabiziga bya lisansi, niba igiciro cyagurishijwemo kidarenze amayero 5000, abakoresha amayero yumuryango, niba ari umusimbura, ushobora gushingira ku gaciro k'ibinyabiziga, amayero.
Ubudage
1.UKugera ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi n'amashanyarazi ya hydrogen byanditswe mbere ya 31 Ukuboza 2025 bizahabwa imisoro y'imyaka 10 kugeza ku ya 31 Ukuboza 2030.
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3.Imisoro yinjiza yinjiza kuri bev na Phev.
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Ubugereki
1. 75% kugabanuka umusoro wo kwiyandikisha kuri Phevs hamwe nu myuka ihumanya ikirere kugeza 50G / km; Kugabanya 50% mu musoro wo kwiyandikisha kuri hevs na phevs hamwe n'umwuka w'imyuka ihumanya ≥ 50g / km.
2.Nicyitegererezo hamwe no kwimurwa ≤1549cc Imodoka zifite imyuka ihumanya ≤90g / km (nedc) cyangwa 122g / km (wltp) birasonewe umusoro kuzenguruka.
3. Moderi ya Bev na Phev hamwe numyukariro ya CO2 ≤ 50g / km (nerdc cyangwa wltp) nigiciro cyo gucuruza net
4.Kugura ihuza, ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi byera byishimira 30% byigiciro cya net cyo kugurisha, niba umuguzi arenze imyaka 10, ugomba kwishyura amayero 1.000; Tagisi y'amashanyarazi yera ifite 40% ya net igurisha igiciro cyagutse amafaranga, imipaka yo hejuru 17,500, guhagarika tagisi ishaje bakeneye kwishyura amayero 5000.
Hongiriya
1. Bevs na phev bemerewe gusonerwa imisoro.
2. Kuva ku ya 15 Kamena
Irilande
1. Kugabanya amayero 5,000 kumashanyarazi meza hamwe nigiciro cyo kugurisha kitarenze 40.000 euro, hejuru y'amayero, amayero arenga 50.000 ntabwo afite uburenganzira bwo kugabanya politiki.
2. Nta misoro ya Nox yakwa ku modoka z'amashanyarazi.
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Ubutaliyani
1. Kubakoresha kugiti cyabo, ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi byeruwe bisonewe umusoro ku myaka 5 uhereye igihe iki gihe cyakoreshejwe, kandi nyuma yiki gihe kirangiye, 25% yumusoro kumodoka zihwanye na peteroli zireba; Hev Models igengwa nigipimo gito cyimisoro (€ 2.58 / kw).
2.Kuri igice cyo kugura, bev na phev moderi ≤35.000 euro (harimo na vat) hamwe numwuka wimkabyi wa ≤20G / KM iterwa inkunga n'amayero 3.000; Bev na Phev moderi ifite igiciro ≤45.000 Euro (harimo na vat) hamwe numwuka wibyuka hagati ya 21 na 60g / km bishyigikiwe n'amayero 2000;
3. Abakiriya baho bakira kugabanyirizwa 80 ku ijana kubiciro byo kugura no kwishyiriraho ibikorwa remezo biteganijwe kwishyuza ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi, kugeza ku mayeri ntarengwa 1.500.
Lativiya
1.Bev Models isonewe amafaranga yo kwiyandikisha ya mbere yo kwiyandikisha kandi yishimira umusoro ntarengwa w'amayero 10.
Luxembourg 1. Gusa 50% Umusoro wubuyobozi wakwa ku modoka z'amashanyarazi.
2.Ku bakoresha kugiti cyabo, ibinyabiziga bihubamo zeru kwishimira igipimo gito cya EUR 30 kumwaka.
3. Ku modoka rusange, inkunga ya buri kwezi ya 0.5-1,8% ukurikije imyuka ihumanya ikirere.
4. Kugura umurongo, Bev Models hamwe na 18kwh (harimo) inkunga ya 8000 z'amayero, 18kWat DUSSIDY yo ku 3.000 Amayero 3.000; Moderi ya Phev kuri kilometero ya karuboni dioxyde ≤ 50g inkunga ya euro 2,500.
Malta
1. Kubakoresha kugiti cyabo, ibinyabiziga bifite imyuka ihumanya ikirere ≤100G kuri kilometero yishimira igipimo cyimisoro yo hasi.
2. Kugura umurongo, amashanyarazi meza yinkunga yihariye hagati yama euro 11,000 na euro 20.000.
Ubuholandi
1. Kubakoresha kugiti cyabo, ibinyabiziga bihuje zeru birasonerwa umusoro, kandi ibinyabiziga bya Phev bigengwa nigiciro cya 50%.
2. Abakoresha ibigo, 16% igipimo cyimisoro ntarengwa ku binyabiziga bihujwe na zeru, umusoro ntarengwa ku binyabiziga by'amashanyarazi bitarenze amayeri 30.000, kandi nta kubuza ibinyabiziga bya lisansi.
Polonye
1.Nta gasoreshwa ku binyabiziga by'amashanyarazi meza, kandi nta musoro kuri Phevs munsi ya 2000cc mu mpera za 2029.
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Porutugali
1.Basosumba cyane bisonewe umusoro; Moderi ya Phev ifite amashanyarazi meza ≥50 km hamwe numwuka wibyuka<50g>50km hamwe numwuka wibyuka ≤50g / km uhabwa imisoro ya 40%.
2. Abakoresha abikorera kugura icyiciro cya M1 Amashanyarazi Igiciro ntarengwa cya Euro 62,500
Slowakiya
1. Ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi byera bisonewe umusoro, mugihe ibinyabiziga byakagari hamwe nibinyabiziga bya Hybrid bigengwa nimisoro 50 ku ijana.
Espanye
1. Gusonerwa "umusoro udasanzwe" kubinyabiziga bifite imyuka ihumanywa ≤ 120g / km, fcevs, erevs, erevs) hamwe numwuka wibyutse ≤ 110g / km.
2. Kubakoresha kugiti cyabo, kugabanya imisoro 75 ku ijana ku binyabiziga by'amashanyarazi mu mijyi minini nka Barcelona, Madrid, Valencia na Zaragoza.
3. Kubakoresha ibigo, bevs na phev igiciro cyamatwe arenze 40.000 (ibirimo) bigagabanuka 30% kumusoro winjiza; Hevs igiciro kiri munsi ya 35.000 euro (ibirimo) bigengwa na 20%.
Suwede
1. Umusoro wo hasi wumuhanda (SEK 360) kubinyabiziga bya zeru na phev mubikoresha kugiti cyabo.
2. Kugabanya imisoro 50
Isilande
1. Kugabanuka kwa TVA no gusonerwa Moderi ya Bev na Hev mugihe cyo kugura, nta vat ku giciro cyo kugurisha kugeza ku mayero 36.000, yuzuye hejuru yibyo.
2. Gusonerwa na VAT yo kwishyuza sitasiyo no gushiraho sitasiyo yo gushyuza.
Ubusuwisi
1. Ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi bisonewe umusoro ku musoro.
2. Kubakoresha kugiti cyabo nabasosiyete, buri Cantos igabanya cyangwa itanga imisoro yo gutwara abantu mugihe runaka ishingiye kubijyanye no gukoresha lisansi (CO2 / KM).
Ubwongereza
1. Kugabanuka igipimo cy'imodoka n'ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi bifite imyuka ihumanywa munsi ya 75 G / KM.
Igihe cyohereza: Jul-24-2023