Mugihe ibinyabiziga byimodoka kwisi bigenda bihindukaibinyabiziga bishya byingufu(NEVs), abakora amamodoka mu Bushinwa baragenda bareba Uburayi, cyane cyane Ubudage, aho imodoka yavukiye.
Raporo iheruka kwerekana ko Abashinwa benshi bashyize ku rutonde amasosiyete y’imodoka n’ibigo biyishamikiyeho barimo gushakisha uburyo bashobora kubona uruganda rw’Abadage rugiye gufungwa vuba. Uku kwimuka ntigaragaza gusa ibyifuzo byabashoramari bo mubushinwa gusa, ahubwo binagaragaza imbogamizi ibihangange byimodoka gakondo nka Volkswagen bihura nabyo muguhuza niterambere ryihuta ryisoko.
VW's urugamba nubumwe bwabadage'igisubizo
Itsinda rya Volkswagen, ryahoze ari icyitegererezo cy’ingufu z’inganda mu Budage, ubu rifite igitutu cyo guhindura imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi.
Mu 2024, isosiyete yatangaje ko igurishwa ku isi ku modoka zigera kuri miliyoni 9.027, zikaba zaragabanutseho 2,3% ugereranije n’umwaka ushize. Ibintu byari ku isoko ry’Ubushinwa byagaragaye cyane, aho igurisha ryagabanutseho 10% kugeza ku modoka zigera kuri miliyoni 2.928. Raporo y’imari yerekana inzira iteye impungenge. Inyungu y'ibikorwa bya Volkswagen yagabanutseho 20.5% igera kuri miliyari 12.907 z'amayero (hafi miliyari 97.45 z'amayero) mu gihembwe cya mbere cy'umwaka ushize.
Mu rwego rwo gukemura ibyo bibazo, Volkswagen yatangaje muri Nzeri ishize ko ishaka gufunga ibihingwa byinshi mu Budage, harimo n’ibya Dresden na Osnabrück. Icyakora, iki cyemezo cyakemuwe n’amashyirahamwe y’Abadage, bituma abakozi bagera ku 100.000 bahagarika imyigaragambyo. Nyuma y’imishyikirano nini, impande zombi zumvikanye mbere ya Noheri zemerera inganda icumi za Volkswagen mu Budage gukomeza gukora mu gihe zitanga ingwate z’akazi kugeza mu 2030. Mu kungurana ibitekerezo, abakozi bemeranijwe n’inyungu, harimo kugabanya ibihembo ndetse n’amahirwe make yo kubona akazi ku bimenyereza umwuga.
Abashinwa bakora amamodoka: Igihe gishya cyamahirwe
Bitandukanye cyane n’ibibazo bya Volkswagen, abakora amamodoka mu Bushinwa baboneyeho umwanya wo kwagura isi yose.
Ibigo nkaBYD,CheryGufata Itsinda, Leapmotor naGeely
Holding imaze gushinga ibikorwa muburayi, hamwe ninganda muri Hongiriya, Turukiya na Espagne. Kubona ibihingwa bya Volkswagen bishobora kuzana inyungu zifatika muribi bigo, bikabemerera kongera ubushobozi bwumusaruro no kurushaho kwinjira mumasoko yuburayi.
Abashinwa benshi bakora amamodoka, barimo SAIC, JAC, FAW na Xpeng, bashyizeho ubufatanye bwimbitse na Volkswagen mu Bushinwa. Iyi mibanire iriho ituma bashobora kugura inganda z’Ubudage, zemerera inzibacyuho no guhuza ibikorwa. Kubona izo nganda ntabwo bizamura ubushobozi bwo gukora gusa, ahubwo bizanorohereza ihererekanyabubasha ry’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho, cyane cyane mubijyanye n’imodoka nshya.
Ibyiza byimodoka nshya zingufu
Guhindura ibinyabiziga bishya byingufu birenze inzira gusa; byerekana ihinduka rikomeye ryinganda zitwara ibinyabiziga bifite ingaruka zikomeye kubidukikije no kubungabunga umutekano. Ibinyabiziga bishya bitanga ingufu, harimo n’ibinyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi na hydrogène, bisohora imyuka mibi hafi yo gutwara, bigabanya cyane ihumana ry’ikirere n’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere. Iri hinduka ni ingenzi ku bihugu byo ku isi kugira ngo bigere ku ntego z’ikirere no gukemura ingaruka mbi z’umwanda.
Byongeye kandi, ibinyabiziga bishya byingufu nabyo bifite inyungu zo gukoresha amasoko menshi yingufu, bityo bikagabanya gushingira ku bicanwa biva mu kirere no kongera umutekano w’ingufu. Uko ikoranabuhanga rigenda ritera imbere n’umusaruro ugenda wiyongera, igiciro cyo gukora ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu gikomeje kugabanuka, korohereza abaguzi kugura. Guverinoma nyinshi ku isi nazo zirashishikarizwa kwemeza ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu binyuze mu nkunga, gusonerwa imisoro n’izindi nyungu, bikarushaho kugabanya umubare w’amafaranga ku bashobora kugura.
I.guhanga udushya hamwe na kazoza ka imodoka inganda
Iterambere ryimodoka nshya zingufu zateje udushya mubice bitandukanye, harimo tekinoroji ya batiri, gutwara ubwenge no guhuza imodoka. Batteri zigezweho, nka bateri ya lithium-ion, ifite ingufu nyinshi kandi irashobora kubika ingufu nyinshi mumapaki mato kandi yoroshye. Iri terambere risobanura ko urwego rwimodoka n'imikorere byarushijeho kuba byiza, bikemura kimwe mubibazo nyamukuru by’abashobora kugura ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi.
Mubyongeyeho, iterambere ryikoranabuhanga ryihuse ryagabanije cyane igihe cyo kwishyuza, bitezimbere uburambe bwabakoresha. Ubuzima bwizunguruka bwa bateri zigezweho nabwo buratera imbere, bigatuma habaho gusimburwa gake hamwe nigiciro cyigihe kirekire kubakoresha. Ibiranga umutekano nabyo byatejwe imbere, bigabanya ingaruka ziterwa nubushyuhe bukabije hamwe n’umuzunguruko mugufi, ibyo bikaba ari ibintu byingenzi byitaweho.
Gusaba uruhare rwisi yose muguhindura ingufu
Mu gihe inganda zitwara ibinyabiziga zigiye kwinjira mu bihe bishya, ibihugu byo ku isi bigomba kugira uruhare rugaragara mu kwimura ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu. Ubufatanye hagati y’abakora amamodoka n’abashinwa bazwi cyane nka Volkswagen burashobora kuba icyitegererezo cy’ubufatanye buzaza, guteza imbere udushya no guteza imbere isi ku bisubizo birambye byo gutwara abantu.
Mu gusoza, uburyo bwo kugura uruganda rwa Volkswagen n’uruganda rukora amamodoka mu Bushinwa rugaragaza imiterere y’inganda zitwara ibinyabiziga kuko ruhura n’ibibazo n'amahirwe bitangwa n’imodoka nshya. Ibyiza byimodoka nshya zingufu, zifatanije nimbaraga zabakora mubushinwa, bigira uruhare runini murwego rwimodoka ku isi. Mu gihe ibihugu biharanira kubaka ejo hazaza heza, kwakira inzibacyuho z’imodoka nshya ntabwo ari ingirakamaro gusa, ahubwo ni ngombwa mu iterambere rirambye no kwita ku bidukikije.
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-20-2025