Isoko ryisi yose: kuzamuka kwimodoka nshya zingufu mubushinwa
Mu myaka yashize, imikorere y'abashinwaibinyabiziga bishya byingufuinisoko ryisi yose ryabaye igitangaza, cyane cyane muri Aziya yepfo yepfo yepfo, Uburayi na Amerika yepfo, aho abaguzi bashishikajwe nibirango byabashinwa. Muri Tayilande na Singapuru, abaguzi batonze umurongo ijoro ryose kugira ngo bagure imodoka nshya y'Ubushinwa; i Burayi, BYD yagurishije muri Mata yarenze Tesla ku nshuro ya mbere, yerekana guhangana ku isoko rikomeye; no muri Berezile, amaduka yo kugurisha amamodoka yo mu Bushinwa yuzuyemo abantu, kandi ibicuruzwa bigurishwa bishyushye bikunze kugaragara.
Nk’uko Ishyirahamwe ry’Abashinwa bakora inganda z’imodoka ribitangaza, mu Bushinwa ibyohereza mu mahanga imodoka nshya z’ingufu zizagera kuri miliyoni 1.203 mu 2023, umwaka ushize wiyongereyeho 77.6%. Biteganijwe ko uyu mubare uziyongera kugera kuri miliyoni 1.284 muri 2024, ukiyongera 6.7%. Fu Bingfeng, visi perezida mukuru akaba n’umunyamabanga mukuru w’ishyirahamwe ry’abashinwa bakora inganda z’imodoka, yavuze ko imodoka nshya z’Ubushinwa zateye imbere ziva mu kintu kiva mu kintu gito, ziva mu nto nini nini, kandi zahinduye neza inyungu z’abimuka bwa mbere mu nganda ziyobora inganda, biteza imbere iterambere ry’isi yose ry’imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu.
Igikoresho kinini: resonance yikoranabuhanga, politiki nisoko
Igurishwa rishyushye ryimodoka zingufu zubushinwa mumahanga ntabwo ari impanuka, ariko ibisubizo byingaruka ziterwa nibintu byinshi. Ubwa mbere, abakora amamodoka yo mu Bushinwa bageze ku ntera mu ikoranabuhanga ry’ibanze, cyane cyane mu bijyanye n’imodoka zicomeka, kandi ibicuruzwa byakomeje kwiyongera. Icya kabiri, ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu mu Bushinwa birahenze cyane, bitewe n’inganda nini nini ku isi n’inganda zikoresha ingufu, kandi ibiciro by’ibice byagabanutse cyane. Byongeye kandi, Ubushinwa bukora amamodoka mu ikoranabuhanga mu bijyanye n’imodoka nshya z’ingufu zirenze kure iz'abanywanyi b’abanyamahanga, bigatuma ibicuruzwa by’Abashinwa bikomeza kugurishwa neza ku masoko yo hanze, ndetse no kugurisha byarenze ibihangange by’imodoka nka Toyota na Volkswagen.
Inkunga ya politiki nayo ni ikintu cyingenzi mu guteza imbere ibyoherezwa mu mahanga n’imodoka nshya z’ingufu z’Ubushinwa. Mu 2024, Minisiteri y’Ubucuruzi n’andi mashami icyenda bafatanyije hamwe “Igitekerezo cyo gushyigikira iterambere ryiza ry’ubufatanye bushya bw’ubucuruzi bw’ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu”, byatanze inkunga itandukanye mu nganda nshya z’imodoka z’ingufu, harimo kuzamura ubushobozi bw’ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga, kunoza imikorere y’ibikoresho mpuzamahanga, no gushimangira inkunga y’amafaranga. Ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’izi politiki ryatanze ingwate zikomeye zo kohereza mu mahanga imodoka nshya z’ingufu z’Ubushinwa.
Kuzamura ingamba kuva "ibicuruzwa byoherezwa hanze" kugeza "mubikorwa byaho"
Mugihe isoko rikomeje kwiyongera, uburyo abakora amamodoka yabashinwa bajya mumahanga nabwo burahinduka bucece. Kuva mubicuruzwa byashize byerekanwe mubucuruzi, byahindutse buhoro buhoro mubikorwa byaho ndetse nabafatanyabikorwa. Changan Automobile yashinze uruganda rwayo rwa mbere rw’ibinyabiziga bitanga ingufu muri Tayilande, kandi uruganda rw’imodoka rutwara abagenzi muri BYD muri Kamboje rugiye gutangira gukora. Byongeye kandi, Yutong izatangiza uruganda rwayo rwa mbere rushya rw’inganda zikoresha ingufu z’ubucuruzi mu Kuboza 2024, byerekana ko abakora amamodoka yo mu Bushinwa barimo kunoza imiterere yabo ku isoko ry’isi.
Kubijyanye no kubaka ibicuruzwa no kwerekana ibicuruzwa, abakora amamodoka yo mu Bushinwa nabo barimo gushakisha byimazeyo ingamba zaho. Binyuze mu buryo bworoshye bw’ubucuruzi, Xpeng Motors yahise irenga 90% by’isoko ry’iburayi kandi yegukana nyampinga w’igurisha ku isoko ry’imodoka zifite amashanyarazi hagati kugeza hejuru. Muri icyo gihe, abakora ibice nabatanga serivisi nabo batangiye urugendo rwabo mumahanga. CATL, Honeycomb Energy hamwe nandi masosiyete yubatse inganda mumahanga, kandi kwishyuza abayirunda ibirundo nabo bakoresha serivise zaho.
Zhang Yongwei, umuyobozi wungirije w’ishyirahamwe ry’amashanyarazi mu Bushinwa 100, yavuze ko mu gihe kiri imbere, abakora amamodoka y’Abashinwa bakeneye gushyira umusaruro mwinshi ku isoko, bagafatanya n’amasosiyete y’ibanze mu mishinga ihuriweho, kandi bakamenya uburyo bushya bwa “ufite njye, mfite wowe” kugira ngo bateze imbere iterambere mpuzamahanga ry’imodoka nshya z’ingufu. 2025 uzaba umwaka wingenzi w "iterambere rishya mpuzamahanga" ry’imodoka nshya z’Ubushinwa, kandi abakora ibinyabiziga bakeneye gukoresha inganda n’ibicuruzwa bigezweho kugira ngo bakorere isoko ry’isi.
Muri make, imodoka nshya y’ingufu mu Bushinwa kwaguka mu bihe bya zahabu. Hamwe na resonance yuburyo bwinshi bwikoranabuhanga, politiki nisoko, amasosiyete yimodoka yo mubushinwa azakomeza kwandika ibice bishya kumasoko yisi.
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Jul-09-2025