Ibinyabiziga bishya by’Ubushinwa: Umusemburo wo guhindura isi

Inkunga ya politiki niterambere ryikoranabuhanga

Minisiteri y’inganda n’ikoranabuhanga mu Bushinwa (MIIT) mu rwego rwo gushimangira umwanya wayo ku isoko ry’imodoka ku isi, yatangaje ko hari ingamba zikomeye zo gushimangira inkunga ya politiki yo gushimangira no kwagura ibyiza byo guhataniraimodoka nshya y'ingufu (NEV)inganda. Kwimuka bikubiyemo kwibanda ku kwihutisha ubushakashatsi no guteza imbere ibice byingenzi nkibikoresho bya batiri yingufu, imashini zikoresha imodoka, hamwe na moteri ikora neza. Byongeye kandi, MIIT izateza imbere kwinjiza ibinyabiziga bifite ubwenge bihujwe n’ibinyabuzima bitwara abantu, hamwe na gahunda yo kuzamura ibipimo no kwemeza byimazeyo umusaruro w’icyitegererezo cya 3 (L3) cyigenga. Iterambere ntabwo rihindura Ubushinwa gusa mu buhanga bushya bw’imodoka zikoresha ingufu, ahubwo binatanga urugero kubindi bihugu.

Kwishyura ibikorwa remezo no kuzamuka kw'isoko

Ikigo cy'igihugu gishinzwe ingufu (NEA) giteganya ko mu mpera z'umwaka wa 2024, Ubushinwa buzaba bufite miliyoni 12.818 z'ibikorwa remezo byo kwishyuza, ibyo bikaba byiyongereye ku mwaka ku mwaka 49.1%. Ubwiyongere bukabije bwibikoresho byo kwishyuza nibyingenzi kugirango dushyigikire isoko ryimodoka nshya. NEA yiyemeje gukemura icyuho kiriho mu kwishyuza ibikorwa remezo mu gihe iteza imbere udushya mu ikoranabuhanga rishya ndetse n’ubucuruzi mu nganda zishyuza. Kugeza muri Werurwe 2023, ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya politiki ishaje-rishya ryatumye abantu barenga miliyoni 1.769 basaba inkunga yo gucuruza ibinyabiziga, kandi kugurisha ibinyabiziga bishya bitwara abagenzi birenga miliyoni 2.05, byiyongera 34% mu mwaka ushize. Uyu muvuduko ntugaragaza gusa ko abaguzi bagenda bemera ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu, ahubwo binagaragaza ubushobozi bwo kuzamura ubukungu no guhanga imirimo mu nganda zijyanye.

Ingaruka ku Isi n'Ubufatanye Mpuzamahanga

Uburyo bushya bwo guteza imbere ibinyabiziga by’ingufu mu Bushinwa bwashimishije isi yose, kandi impuguke mu ihuriro riherutse kwerekana ubushobozi bw’ibindi bihugu byakwigiraho. Umuryango w’abibumbye wavuze ko isoko ry’imodoka nshya z’ingufu ku isi ryiyongereyeho inshuro umunani mu myaka ine ishize, kandi iteganyagihe ryerekana ko mu 2024, kugurisha ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu bizaba bingana na 20% by’igurishwa ry’imodoka ku isi, muri bo abarenga 60% bazava mu Bushinwa. Ibinyuranye n'ibyo, ibihugu nka Tayilande na Koreya y'Epfo nabyo byagaragaye ko byiyongereye cyane mu kugurisha ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi, mu gihe Uburayi bugabanuka. Nk’uko Katrin, umuyobozi w’ishami rishinzwe gutwara abantu n'ibintu muri komisiyo y’umuryango w’abibumbye ishinzwe ubukungu n’imibereho myiza y’abaturage muri Aziya na pasifika, yabivuze, iki cyuho kigaragaza ko hakenewe ubufatanye mpuzamahanga kugira ngo intego z’ikirere zigerweho. Kugirango ugere ku ntego zashyizweho n’amasezerano y'i Paris, 60% yo kugurisha imodoka nshya ku isi bigomba kuba imodoka nshya zingufu bitarenze 2030.

Ubushinwa bwiyemeje kohereza mu mahanga imodoka z’amashanyarazi zifite ubuziranenge, zishobora kugira uruhare runini mu gufasha ibindi bihugu kwimuka mu bwikorezi bw’ingufu zisukuye. Mugusangiza ubuhanga bwayo mubushakashatsi bushya bwibinyabiziga bitanga ingufu, iterambere n’umusaruro, Ubushinwa bushobora guteza imbere iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga no guhanga udushya ku isi. Ubwo bufatanye ntibushobora kuzamura irushanwa mpuzamahanga gusa, ahubwo binateza imbere ubukungu butandukanye ndetse n’iterambere rirambye mu nganda z’imodoka.

Gushyigikira intego z’ikirere ku isi

Amasezerano y'i Paris arahamagarira ibihugu gufata ingamba zihuse zo kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, kandi ingamba nshya z’imodoka z’ingufu z’Ubushinwa zihuye n’izo ntego z’ikirere ku isi. Mu guha ibinyabiziga bishya ingufu mu bindi bihugu, Ubushinwa bushobora kubafasha kugera ku ntego zo kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere bityo bikagira uruhare mu kurwanya isi yose kurwanya imihindagurikire y’ikirere. Umuryango w’abibumbye 'Aziya-Pasifika y’amashanyarazi y’amashanyarazi agamije guteza imbere guhanahana ubumenyi mu bihugu bigize uyu muryango no guteza imbere politiki y’ibinyabiziga by’amashanyarazi. Iyi gahunda ishimangira akamaro k’ibikorwa rusange mu gukemura ibibazo by’ikirere kandi ikagaragaza ubuyobozi bw’Ubushinwa mu kwimuka ku isi mu bwikorezi burambye.

Kongera ubumenyi bwicyatsi kibisi

Mu gihe Ubushinwa bukomeje guteza imbere ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu, imyumvire yo gukoresha icyatsi ku isoko mpuzamahanga nayo iriyongera. Mu gushyira imbere iterambere rirambye n’ibicuruzwa bitangiza ibidukikije, Ubushinwa burashishikariza abakoresha isi kwakira imodoka nshya z’ingufu. Ihinduka mu myitwarire y’abaguzi ni ingenzi mu kuzamura icyerekezo cy’imikoreshereze y’icyatsi ku isi, kikaba ari ngombwa mu kugera ku ntego z’iterambere rirambye.

Mu gusoza

Muri make, Ubushinwa uburyo bukaze bwo guteza imbere inganda z’imodoka nshya z’ingufu ntabwo bwahinduye isoko ry’imbere mu gihugu gusa, ahubwo bwanagize ingaruka zikomeye ku muryango mpuzamahanga. Binyuze mu gushyigikira politiki, gutera imbere mu ikoranabuhanga, no kwiyemeza ubufatanye ku isi, Ubushinwa bwihagararaho nk'umuyobozi mu nzira yo gutwara abantu n'ibintu bitanduye. Mu gihe isi ihanganye n’ibibazo by’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, gahunda nshya y’imodoka z’ingufu z’Ubushinwa zitanga inzira nziza y’ejo hazaza harambye kandi hifashishijwe ingufu. Mugusangira ubuhanga nubutunzi, Ubushinwa bushobora gufasha ibindi bihugu kwihutisha inzibacyuho, amaherezo bikarema umubumbe wicyatsi kubisekuruza bizaza.

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