Mu myaka yashize, hamwe n’isi yose yibanda ku kurengera ibidukikije n’iterambere rirambye ,. imodoka nshya y'ingufu (NEV)isoko ifiteyazamutse vuba. Nk’umusaruro munini ku isi kandi ukoresha ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu, Ubushinwa buteza imbere cyane kohereza mu mahanga ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu, biharanira kugera ikirenge mu ku isoko mpuzamahanga. Vuba aha, uruganda rushya rukora ingufu mu Bushinwa Seres rwatanze icyifuzo cyo gutondekanya ku isoko ry’imigabane rya Hong Kong, bibaye urugero ruheruka rw’isosiyete yo mu Bushinwa yo ku mugabane wa Amerika ijya ahagaragara muri Hong Kong. Iyi ntambwe ntabwo itera imbaraga nshya mu iterambere rya Seres gusa, ahubwo inatanga inkunga ikomeye ku ngamba nshya z’imodoka z’ingufu z’Ubushinwa.
SERES yashinzwe mu 2016, yibanda kuri R&D, gukora, kugurisha no gutanga serivisi z’imodoka nshya n’ingingo zingenzi. Ubufatanye hagati y’imodoka yo mu rwego rwo hejuru y’imodoka ifite ubwenge AITO na Huawei yarushijeho kuzamura ubushobozi bwayo ku isoko. Gahunda yo gutondekanya SERES igamije gushyiraho urubuga mpuzamahanga rwo gukora imari no kuzamura ubushobozi bwarwo muri rusange mugutanga H-imigabane. Izi ngamba ntizikeneye gusa iterambere rya SERES, ahubwo ni intambwe yingenzi kugirango inganda nshya z’imodoka z’ingufu z’Ubushinwa zaguke ku isoko ry’isi.
Raporo y’ikinyamakuru cyitwa China Securities Journal, ivuga ko kugeza ku ya 31 Werurwe, ibigo 66 byatanze ibyifuzo by’urutonde ku isoko ry’imigabane rya Hong Kong muri uyu mwaka, muri byo 43 bikaba ari ibigo byanditswe mu gihugu cy’Ubushinwa. Iki kintu kigaragaza ko amasosiyete menshi y’Abashinwa azi neza ko isoko mpuzamahanga ry’imari rizabaha umwanya munini w’iterambere ndetse n’amahirwe menshi yo gutera inkunga. By'umwihariko mu bijyanye n’imodoka nshya z’ingufu, hamwe n’iterambere rikomeje gutera imbere mu ikoranabuhanga no kwiyongera ku isoko, amasosiyete y’Abashinwa yihutisha imiterere y’isoko ry’isi.
Imodoka nshya z’Ubushinwa zifite ingufu nyinshi zo kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze. Dukurikije imibare ifatika, mu 2022, Ubushinwa bushya bw’ibinyabiziga byoherezwa mu mahanga byageze ku bice 600.000, umwaka ushize byiyongereyeho hejuru ya 100%. Iri terambere ry’iterambere rizakomeza mu 2023 kandi biteganijwe ko rizakomeza guteza imbere izamuka ry’imigabane mishya y’imodoka z’ingufu z’Ubushinwa ku isoko mpuzamahanga. Urutonde rwa SERES ruzatanga inkunga y'amafaranga kugirango irusheho kwaguka ku masoko yo hanze kandi ifashe kuzamura ibicuruzwa byayo no guteza imbere isoko ku isi.
Ku isoko ry’imodoka nshya ku isi, amasosiyete y’Abashinwa ahura n’amarushanwa akaze. Tesla, BYD, Weilai nandi masosiyete afite ibyiza bimwe byikoranabuhanga, ikirango nigabana ku isoko. Kugirango umuntu agere ikirenge mu ku rwego mpuzamahanga, abakora ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu mu Bushinwa bakeneye guhora batezimbere urwego rwabo rwa tekiniki ndetse n’ubuziranenge bw’ibicuruzwa, mu gihe bashimangira ubufatanye n’amasosiyete azwi ku rwego mpuzamahanga. Ubufatanye hagati ya SERES na Huawei ni urubanza rwatsinze. Binyuze mu kugabana ikoranabuhanga no guhuza umutungo, SERES irashobora kuzamura byihuse irushanwa ryayo mumodoka yimodoka.
Byongeye kandi, politiki y’ingoboka ya guverinoma y’Ubushinwa mu kohereza imodoka nshya z’ingufu nazo zatanze ibidukikije byiza biteza imbere inganda. Mu myaka yashize, igihugu cyashyizeho politiki zitandukanye zo gushishikariza iterambere ry’imodoka nshya z’ingufu, harimo gusonerwa imisoro, politiki y’ingoboka, ndetse n’inguzanyo zoherezwa mu mahanga. Izi politiki ntizigabanya gusa ikiguzi cyimikorere yinganda, ahubwo inazamura ubushobozi bwabo mumasoko mpuzamahanga.
Icyakora, Ubushinwa bwohereza mu mahanga imodoka nshya z’ingufu nabwo burahura n’ibibazo. Icya mbere, inzitizi zinjira ku isoko mpuzamahanga ni nyinshi, kandi ibipimo n’ibisabwa kugira ngo ibinyabiziga bishya bitanga ingufu biratandukana bitewe n’ibihugu, bityo ibigo bigomba gushora imari myinshi kugirango ihindure imiterere. Icya kabiri, irushanwa ku isoko mpuzamahanga riragenda rikomera, cyane cyane ku masoko y’i Burayi na Amerika. Ingaruka zikomeye zamamaza ibicuruzwa nka Tesla zashyize ibigo byabashinwa mukuzamura isoko.
Kugira ngo ibyo bibazo bikemuke, abakora ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu mu Bushinwa bakeneye gushimangira ubushakashatsi ku isoko, gusobanukirwa n’ibisabwa ku isoko n’ibidukikije bya politiki by’ibihugu n’uturere dutandukanye, kandi bagashyiraho ingamba zijyanye n’isoko. Muri icyo gihe, ibigo bigomba kandi kwibanda ku kubaka ibicuruzwa, kunoza ibicuruzwa no kumenyekana, no kongera ikizere ku baguzi.
Muri rusange, urutonde rwa SERES muri Hong Kong ntabwo ari intambwe yingenzi mu iterambere ryarwo, ahubwo rutanga amahirwe mashya ku ngamba nshya z’imodoka z’ingufu z’Ubushinwa. Mugihe ibigo byinshi byabashinwa bijya mumahanga kandi bikitabira amarushanwa mpuzamahanga, ejo hazaza h’imodoka nshya z’ingufu z’Ubushinwa zizaba nziza. Binyuze mu guhanga udushya no ku rwego mpuzamahanga, imodoka nshya z’ingufu z’Ubushinwa ziteganijwe kugira uruhare runini ku isoko ry’isi kandi zikagira uruhare mu iterambere rirambye ku isi.
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-26-2025