Mu gihembwe cya mbere cya 2025, inganda z’imodoka z’Ubushinwa zongeye kugera ku bintu byiza cyane byoherezwa mu mahanga, byerekana ko isi ihanganye ku isoko ndetse n’ubushobozi bw’isoko. Nk’uko imibare iheruka ibigaragaza, mu mezi atatu ya mbere y’uyu mwaka, Ubushinwa bwohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga byose byageze kuri miliyoni 1.54, byiyongereyeho 16% ugereranije n’icyo gihe cyashize. Iri terambere ntirigaragaza gusa iterambere n’iterambere ry’inganda z’imodoka mu Bushinwa, ahubwo binagaragaza ko Ubushinwa bugenda bwiyongera ku isoko ry’imodoka ku isi.
Kuzamuka kw'imodoka nshya
Muri ibi birori byo kohereza hanze,ibinyabiziga bishya byingufunta gushidikanyaikintu gishimishije. Hamwe n’isi yose yibanda ku kurengera ibidukikije n’iterambere rirambye, icyifuzo cy’ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu gikomeje kwiyongera. Nk’igihugu kinini ku isi gikora ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu, Ubushinwa bwohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga bwarenze kure cyane ibyari byitezwe kandi buba moteri y’ibanze itera kuzamuka kw’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga muri rusange.
Nk’uko imibare ibigaragaza, ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga by’ingufu nshya byagize uruhare runini mu gihembwe cya mbere, cyane cyane imashini icomeka (PHEV), yabaye igice cyiyongera cyane. Iyi myumvire ntabwo yerekana gusa ibyo abakiriya bakeneye mu ngendo zangiza ibidukikije, ahubwo inagaragaza imbaraga zihoraho z’abashoramari bo mu Bushinwa mu guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga no mu bushakashatsi ku bicuruzwa no mu iterambere.
Gutandukanya amasoko yoherezwa mu mahanga
Imiterere y’isoko ryohereza ibicuruzwa mu Bushinwa ihora itezimbere, kandi imigendekere y’ibicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru iragenda igaragara. Mu bihe byashize, imodoka z'Abashinwa zibanze cyane mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y'amajyambere, ariko ubu ibirango by'imodoka zo mu Bushinwa byinjira cyane mu bihugu byateye imbere nk'Uburayi na Ositaraliya. Nk’uko imibare ibigaragaza, Mexico, Leta zunze ubumwe z’Abarabu, Ositaraliya, Burezili n'Ububiligi byabaye abantu benshi bakiriye ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga mu Bushinwa mu gihembwe cya mbere. Iri hinduka ntirigaragaza gusa ingamba zoguhindura isi hamwe nubushobozi bwimiterere yibirango byimodoka byabashinwa, ahubwo binerekana kumenyekanisha no guhangana mumodoka yabashinwa kumasoko mpuzamahanga.
Ku isoko ry’iburayi, imodoka nshya z’ingufu z’Abashinwa zakoze neza cyane. Ibicuruzwa nka BYD na SAIC MG byatsindiye ikirenge mu isoko rusange y’iburayi hamwe nimbaraga zabyo nziza hamwe nuburyo bukoreshwa neza. Ibirango ntabwo byakomeje kongera ibicuruzwa mu bihugu byinshi by’Uburayi, ahubwo byanashimishijwe n’abaguzi, bikomeza gushimangira umwanya w’imodoka nshya z’ingufu z’Ubushinwa ku isoko mpuzamahanga.
Guhanga udushya no kurwanya imihindagurikire y'ikirere
Kwohereza mu mahanga imodoka nshya z’ingufu z’Ubushinwa ntaho bitandukaniye n’udushya tw’ikoranabuhanga no kuzamura imihindagurikire y’isoko. Mu myaka yashize, abakora amamodoka yo mu Bushinwa bakomeje gushora imari mu bushakashatsi n’iterambere mu bijyanye n’ikoranabuhanga rya batiri, gutwara ibinyabiziga bifite ubwenge, no guhuza ibinyabiziga, ibyo bikaba byateje imbere irushanwa ry’ibicuruzwa byabo. Muri icyo gihe, mu rwego rwo gusubiza ibikenewe ku masoko atandukanye, amasosiyete nayo ahora ahindura ingamba z’ibicuruzwa kugira ngo ahuze ibyifuzo by’abaguzi baho.
Kurugero, kumasoko yuburayi, abakora amamodoka yabashinwa ntibibanda gusa kumikorere yibicuruzwa n'umutekano gusa, ahubwo banita cyane cyane kubidukikije ndetse nuburyo bwo gukoresha abaguzi. Binyuze mu bufatanye n’amasosiyete yo mu karere, ubushakashatsi ku isoko n’ibitekerezo by’abakoresha, ibigo birashobora guhuza neza n’imihindagurikire y’isoko no gutangiza ibicuruzwa byujuje ibyifuzo byaho.
Inkunga ya politiki n'ibidukikije ku isoko
Politiki yo gushyigikira guverinoma y'Ubushinwa mu nganda nshya z’imodoka zitanga ingufu nazo zitanga ingwate zikomeye zo kuzamuka mu mahanga. Mu myaka yashize, igihugu cyashyizeho politiki zitandukanye zo gushishikariza iterambere ry’imodoka nshya z’ingufu, zirimo gusonerwa imisoro, inkunga yo kugura ibinyabiziga, no kubaka ibikoresho. Izi politiki ntabwo ziteza imbere imikoreshereze y’imbere mu gihugu gusa, ahubwo zitanga umusingi mwiza ku masosiyete akora ubushakashatsi ku masoko mpuzamahanga.
Byongeye kandi, kwiyongera ku isi ku binyabiziga bishya by’ingufu nabyo byatumye habaho isoko ryiza ku bicuruzwa byoherezwa mu Bushinwa. Mu gihe guverinoma ku isi yitaye cyane ku ntego zo kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, abaguzi benshi batangiye guhitamo imodoka nshya z’ingufu, bigatuma iterambere ryihuta ry’isoko ry’isi.
Ibizaza
Urebye imbere, ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu zoherezwa mu Bushinwa biracyari binini. Hamwe n’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga rikomeje kwaguka no kwagura isoko, imiduga y’imodoka yo mu Bushinwa iteganijwe kugira uruhare runini ku isoko ry’isi. Muri icyo gihe, ibigo bigomba kandi gukomeza gushimangira kubaka ibicuruzwa no kuzamura ubuziranenge bw’ibicuruzwa kugira ngo bihangane n’amarushanwa mpuzamahanga akaze.
Mu rwego rwo guhindura inganda no kuzamura inganda z’imodoka ku isi, Ubushinwa bwohereza mu mahanga ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu ntabwo ari amahirwe yo guteza imbere ibigo gusa, ahubwo ni n’ingenzi mu guhindura ubukungu bw’igihugu. Binyuze mu guhanga udushya no kwagura isoko, inganda z’imodoka z’Ubushinwa zizakomeza kumurika ku isi kandi zigire uruhare mu kuzamura ingendo z’icyatsi ku isi.
Muri make, intsinzi y’ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu mu Bushinwa byohereza mu mahanga ntabwo ari ibisubizo by’iterambere ry’inganda gusa, ahubwo binagaragaza byimazeyo politiki y’igihugu, ibisabwa ku isoko n’ingufu z’amasosiyete. Mu bihe biri imbere, inganda z’imodoka mu Bushinwa zizakomeza gutwarwa n’udushya, dushakishe ubushakashatsi ku isoko mpuzamahanga, kandi zitange ubwenge bw’abashinwa n’ibisubizo by’iterambere rirambye ry’inganda z’imodoka ku isi.
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-26-2025