Imodoka nshya y’Ubushinwa yohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga ihura n’ibibazo n'amahirwe

Amahirwe yo kwisoko ryisi yose

Mu myaka yashize,Imodoka nshya y'Ubushinwainganda zazamutse vuba kandi zabaye isoko ry’imodoka nini ku isi. Nk’uko Ishyirahamwe ry’Abashinwa bakora inganda z’imodoka ribitangaza, mu 2022, igurishwa ry’imodoka nshya z’Ubushinwa ryageze kuri miliyoni 6.8, bingana na 60% by’isoko ry’isi. Hamwe n’isi yose yibanda ku kurengera ibidukikije n’iterambere rirambye, ibihugu byinshi n’uturere byinshi byatangiye guteza imbere ikwirakwizwa ry’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi, zitanga umwanya munini w’isoko ryo kohereza mu mahanga ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu mu Bushinwa.

Abashinwa bakora ibinyabiziga bishya byingufu, nkaBYD, NIO, naXpeng, buhoro buhoro bageze ikirenge mucya mpuzamahanga hamwe nudushya twabo hamwe nibyiza byigiciro. By'umwihariko ku masoko yo mu Burayi no mu majyepfo y’iburasirazuba bwa Aziya, imodoka z’amashanyarazi zo mu Bushinwa zitoneshwa n’abaguzi kubera imikorere yazo zihenze kandi ndende. Byongeye kandi, politiki y’ingoboka ya guverinoma y’Ubushinwa ku binyabiziga bishya by’ingufu, nk'inkunga ndetse no gutanga imisoro, inatanga ingwate zikomeye zo kumenyekanisha imishinga mpuzamahanga.

Ibibazo biterwa na politiki yimisoro

Icyakora, uko Ubushinwa bwohereza mu mahanga ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu byiyongera, politiki y’imisoro ku isoko mpuzamahanga yatangiye guteza ibibazo ku masosiyete y’Abashinwa. Vuba aha, guverinoma y’Amerika yashyizeho amahoro agera kuri 25% ku binyabiziga by’amashanyarazi n’ibiyigize bikozwe mu Bushinwa, ibyo bikaba byaratumye abakora ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu mu Bushinwa bahura n’igitutu kinini. Fata Tesla nk'urugero. Nubwo yitwaye neza ku isoko ry’Ubushinwa, irushanwa ryayo ku isoko ry’Amerika ryatewe n’amahoro.

Byongeye kandi, isoko ry’ibihugu by’i Burayi rigenda rikomera buhoro buhoro politiki y’amabwiriza agenga ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu z’Ubushinwa, kandi ibihugu bimwe na bimwe byatangiye gukora iperereza ryo kurwanya imyanda ku binyabiziga by’amashanyarazi by’Ubushinwa. Izi mpinduka za politiki zatumye ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga n’imodoka nshya z’ingufu mu Bushinwa bihura n’ikibazo kidashidikanywaho, kandi amasosiyete agomba kongera gusuzuma ingamba mpuzamahanga ku isoko mpuzamahanga.

Gushakisha ibisubizo bishya hamwe ningamba zo guhangana

Mu guhangana n’ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga bugenda bukomera, abakora ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu mu Bushinwa batangiye gushakisha ingamba zo guhangana n’ingamba. Ku ruhande rumwe, ibigo byongereye ishoramari mu bushakashatsi no mu iterambere, bihatira kunoza ibikubiye mu buhanga no kongerera agaciro ibicuruzwa byabo kugira ngo bongere ubushobozi bwabo ku isoko mpuzamahanga. Ku rundi ruhande, ibigo byinshi byatangiye gucukumbura imiterere itandukanye y’isoko no gushakisha byimazeyo amasoko agaragara nka Aziya y’amajyepfo y’amajyepfo na Amerika yepfo kugirango bagabanye kwishingikiriza ku isoko rimwe.

Kurugero, BYD yatangaje gahunda yo kubaka ikigo cy’umusaruro muri Berezile mu 2023 kugirango gikemuke neza ku isoko ryaho. Uku kwimuka ntikuzagabanya gusa ibiciro byamahoro, ahubwo bizamura ibicuruzwa byamenyekanye kandi bigire ingaruka. Byongeye kandi, NIO nayo ikoresha cyane ku isoko ry’iburayi, irateganya gushyiraho imiyoboro igurisha na serivisi muri Noruveje, Ubudage ndetse no mu bindi bihugu kugira ngo isoko ryiyongere.

Muri rusange, nubwo ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu byoherezwa mu Bushinwa bihura n’ibibazo muri politiki y’imisoro no kugenzura amasoko, amasosiyete y’Abashinwa aracyategerezwa kugira uruhare runini ku isoko ry’imodoka nshya z’ingufu ku isi binyuze mu guhanga ikoranabuhanga no gufata ingamba zitandukanye. Mu gihe isi ikenera ibinyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi bikomeje kwiyongera, ejo hazaza h’inganda nshya z’imodoka z’ingufu zikomeje kuba nziza.

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