Ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byageze ku rwego rwo hejuru nubwo byatewe n’amahoro
Amakuru ya gasutamo ya vuba yerekana ubwiyongere bukabije bw’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi (EV) zohereza ibicuruzwa mu Bushinwa mu bihugu by’Uburayi (EU). Muri Nzeri 2023, ibirango by'imodoka zo mu Bushinwa byohereje ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi 60.517 mu bihugu 27 bigize Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, umwaka ushize byiyongereyeho 61%. Iyi mibare ni urwego rwa kabiri mu rwego rwo hejuru rwohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga kandi munsi y’impinga yageze mu Kwakira 2022, igihe imodoka 67.000 zoherezwaga mu mahanga. Ubwiyongere bw’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga buje mu gihe Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’i Burayi watangaje gahunda yo gushyiraho imisoro y’inyongera ku bicuruzwa bituruka mu Bushinwa bikoresha amashanyarazi, iki kikaba ari cyo cyateje impungenge abafatanyabikorwa mu nganda.
Icyemezo cy’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi cyo gutangiza iperereza rinyuranye n’imodoka z’amashanyarazi z’Ubushinwa cyatangajwe ku mugaragaro mu Kwakira 2022, gihurirana n’ibicuruzwa byari byoherezwa mu mahanga mbere. Ku ya 4 Ukwakira 2023, ibihugu bigize Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi byatoye ko hashyirwaho imisoro y’inyongera ku bicuruzwa bigera kuri 35% kuri izo modoka. Ibihugu 10 birimo Ubufaransa, Ubutaliyani, na Polonye byashyigikiye iki cyemezo. Mu gihe Ubushinwa n’Ubumwe bw’Uburayi bikomeje imishyikirano y’ubundi buryo bwo gukemura ayo mahoro, biteganijwe ko azatangira gukurikizwa mu mpera za Ukwakira. Nubwo imisoro yegereje, ubwiyongere bw’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga bwerekana ko abakora amashanyarazi mu Bushinwa bashaka gushakisha isoko ry’i Burayi mbere y’ingamba nshya.
Kwihangana kwimodoka zamashanyarazi mubushinwa kumasoko yisi
Kwihangana kwa EV zo mu Bushinwa imbere y’ibiciro bishobora kwerekana ko bagenda bemera kandi bakamenyekana mu bucuruzi bw’imodoka ku isi. Nubwo ibiciro by’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi bishobora guteza ibibazo, ntibishoboka ko bibuza abakora amamodoka y’Abashinwa kwinjira cyangwa kwagura ibikorwa byabo ku isoko ry’Uburayi. Imashini zo mu Bushinwa muri rusange zihenze kurusha bagenzi babo bo mu gihugu ariko ziracyahendutse kuruta moderi nyinshi zitangwa n’abakora ibicuruzwa by’i Burayi. Izi ngamba zo kugena ibiciro zituma ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi byabashinwa bihitamo neza kubakoresha bashaka ubundi buryo bwangiza ibidukikije badakoresheje amafaranga menshi.
Byongeye kandi, ibyiza byimodoka nshya zingufu ntabwo ari ibiciro gusa. Imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi ahanini zikoresha amashanyarazi cyangwa hydrogène nkisoko yingufu, bikagabanya cyane gushingira kumavuta ya fosile. Iri hinduka ntirifasha gusa kugabanya imihindagurikire y’ikirere mu kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, ariko kandi rihuza n’ingamba z’isi yose zo kwimuka ku isoko y’ingufu zirambye. Ingufu zikoresha ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi zirushaho kongera imbaraga zazo, kuko zihindura ingufu mumashanyarazi neza kuruta ibinyabiziga bya lisansi bisanzwe, bityo bikagabanya gukoresha ingufu zihariye.
Inzira yo kuramba no kumenyekana kwisi yose
Kuzamuka kw'imodoka nshya z'ingufu ntabwo ari inzira gusa; Yerekana ihinduka ryibanze ryiterambere rirambye mubikorwa byimodoka. Mu gihe isi ihanganye n’ikibazo cyihutirwa cy’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, kwemeza ibinyabiziga by’amashanyarazi bifatwa nkintambwe yingenzi iganisha ku mpinga ya karubone no kutabogama kwa karubone. Imodoka nshya zifite ingufu zishobora gukoresha amashanyarazi aturuka ku mbaraga zishobora kongera ingufu nk’izuba n’umuyaga, bityo bigateza imbere iterambere ry’amasoko y’ingufu zirambye. Imikoranire hagati yimodoka zamashanyarazi ningufu zishobora kubaho ningirakamaro mukwihutisha inzibacyuho kuri sisitemu irambye.
Muri make, mugihe icyemezo cy’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi cyo gushyiraho amahoro kuri za EV zo mu Bushinwa gishobora guteza ibibazo by'igihe gito, icyerekezo kirekire ku bakora inganda za EV zo mu Bushinwa kiracyakomeye. Ubwiyongere bukabije mu byoherezwa mu mahanga muri Nzeri 2023 bugaragaza kumenyekanisha ku isi ibyiza by’imodoka nshya. Mugihe inganda zitwara ibinyabiziga zikomeje gutera imbere, inyungu z’ibinyabiziga by’amashanyarazi, kuva kurengera ibidukikije kugeza ku mikorere y’ingufu, bizagira uruhare runini mu gutegura ejo hazaza h’ubwikorezi. Kwaguka byanze bikunze kwagura ibinyabiziga bishya byingufu ntabwo ari amahitamo gusa; Ibi birakenewe kugirango ejo hazaza harambye hagirira akamaro abantu kwisi yose.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-25-2024