Ku ya 27 Nzeri 2024, ku isi 2024Imodoka nshya Ihuriro, Byd Byd Umuhanga hamwe na Enginefer Camerie Lian Yubo yatsindira ejo hazaza h'ikoranabuhanga rya bateri, cyane cyaneBateri zikomeye. Yashimangiye ko nubwoBydyakoze cyaneIterambere muri uyu murima, bizatwara imyaka myinshi mbere ya bateri ikomeye ishobora gukoreshwa cyane. Yubo yitega ko izatwara imyaka igera kuri itatu kugeza kuri itanu kugirango bat ziba nyamukuru, ufite imyaka itanu ikaba igihe kifatika. Iyi myitwarire yitonda yerekana imbaraga zinzibacyuho kuva bateri gakondo ya lithium kuri bateri-ikomeye.
Yubo yagaragaje ingorane nyinshi zo guhangana nikoranabuhanga rya bateri rikomeye, harimo nibiciro nibikoresho bigenzurwa. Yavuze ko bateri ya lithium fosphate (lfp) ntishobora guhishwa mu myaka 15 kugeza kuri 20 iri imbere kubera umwanya wabo w'isoko no gukora neza. Ibinyuranye, yiteze ko bateri-ya leta izakoreshwa cyane muburyo bwo hejuru mubihe bizaza, mugihe icyuma cya lithium forphate bizakomeza gukora icyitegererezo gito. Ubu buryo bubiri butuma umubano ushimangira ubwoko hagati ya bateri zombi kugirango uhagarike ibice bitandukanye byisoko ryimodoka.
Inganda zimodoka zirimo kwiyongera mu nyungu nishoramari mukoranabuhanga rya bateri rikomeye. Abakora cyane nka Saic na GAC batangaje gahunda yo kugera ku musaruro rusange wa bariyeri zose. Ikoranabuhanga rya Bateri rikomeye. Ibigo nk'ingufu za Guoxuan Hi-Tech na Penghui byatangaje ko byatangajwe cyane muri uyu murima, kurushaho gushimangira inganda zo gutera imbere ikoranabuhanga rya bateri.
Batteri-ya leta ihagarariye igisibo kinini imbere mu ikoranabuhanga rya bateri ugereranije na lithium-on na lithium-on polymer bateri. Bitandukanye nabanjirije, bateri-leta-leta ikoresha electrode zikomeye na electrolytes ikomeye, itanga ibyiza byinshi. Ubucucike bwibibazo bya leta bushobora kuba burenze inshuro ebyiri za lithium-ion, bibatera amahitamo akomeye kubinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi (evs) bisaba ubushobozi bwo kubika ingufu.
Usibye kugira ingufu nyinshi zingufu, bateri ya leta nayo iraboroye. Kugabanya ibiro byitirirwa gukuraho sisitemu yo gukurikirana, gukonjesha no kugenzura mubisanzwe bisabwa kuriri ya lithium-ion. Uburemere bworoshye butezimbere gusa imikorere rusange yimodoka, ifasha kandi kunoza imikorere nurwego. Byongeye kandi, bateri-ya leta-leta yagenewe kwishyuza byihuse kandi ikamara igihe kirekire, gukemura ibibazo bibiri byingenzi kubakoresha ibinyabiziga.
Ubushyuhe bwumuriro nundi nyungu za bateri ikomeye-leta. Bitandukanye na bateri gakondo-ion ion, ikonjesha ubushyuhe buke, bateri-leta irashobora gukomeza imikorere yabo hejuru yubushyuhe bwagutse. Iyi mikorere ni ingenzi cyane mu bice bifite ikirere gikabije, kureba ko imodoka z'amashanyarazi zikomeje kwizerwa kandi neza utitaye ku bushyuhe bwo hanze. Byongeye kandi, bateri-ya leta-leta ifatwa nkumutekano kuruta bateri ya lithium kuko idakunda imirongo migufi, ikibazo gisanzwe gishobora kuganisha ku kunanirwa kwa bateri n'umutekano kunanirwa kwa bateri n'umutekano.
Umuryango wa siyansi uragenda umenya bateri ikomeye-leta nkinzira ifatika kuri bateri ya lithium-ion. Ikoranabuhanga rikoresha ikiruhuko cy'ikirahure gikozwe muri lithiyumu na sodium nk'ibikoresho bitwara neza, bisimbuza amazi ya electrolyte ikoreshwa muri bateri risanzwe. Ibi bihangano byongera cyane imbaraga zingufu za bateri ya lithium, bigatuma ikoranabuhanga rikomeye-ryibanda ku bushakashatsi n'iterambere. Mugihe inganda zimodoka zikomeje guhinduka, kwishyira hamwe kwa bateri zikomeye-leta zishobora gusobanura ahantu h'ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi.
Byose muri byose, gutera imbere mu ikoranabuhanga rya bateri ikomeye risezeranya ejo hazaza heza mu nganda zimodoka. Mugihe ibibazo biguma mubiciro nibikoresho bigenzurwa nibikoresho, ibyo wiyemeje kubakinnyi bakomeye nka Byd, Saic na GAC byerekana imyizerere ihamye mubushobozi bwa bateri ikomeye. Nkumwaka ukomeye wa 2026 wegereje, inganda ziteganijwe kumara kumaraso nyamukuru zishobora kugarura uko dutekereza kubika ingufu z'amashanyarazi. Ihuriro ryingufu nyinshi zingufu, uburemere bworoshye, umutekano wihuta, umutekano wubushyuhe kandi wiyongereyeho guterana amagambo akomeye mugushakisha ibisubizo birambye kandi byiza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-10-2024