Ibihe bishya kubushinwa bushya bwo gutwara ibicuruzwa mu mahanga: Guhanga ikoranabuhanga biganisha ku isoko ryisi

1.Imodoka nshyaibyoherezwa mu mahanga birakomeye

Mu myaka yashize, inganda nshya z’imodoka z’Ubushinwa zagaragaje imbaraga zo kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze ku isoko ry’isi. Nk’uko imibare iheruka ibigaragaza, mu gice cya mbere cy’umwaka wa 2023, imodoka nshya z’ingufu z’Ubushinwa zoherezwa mu mahanga ziyongereyeho hejuru ya 150% umwaka ushize, muri zo zikaba zikoresha imashini zikoresha amashanyarazi na SUV z’amashanyarazi zabaye icyitegererezo cy’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga. Hamwe n’iterambere rikomeje gutera imbere mu ikoranabuhanga no kwiyongera ku isoko, imodoka nshya z’ingufu z’Ubushinwa zigenda zijya mu mahanga kandi zinjira ku isoko mpuzamahanga.

Kuruhande rwibi, amashanyarazi mashya ya sedan Zunjie S800 yatangijwe na JAC Motors na Huawei arerekana intambwe yingenzi inganda z’imodoka z’Ubushinwa zigana ku isoko ryo mu rwego rwo hejuru. Iyi moderi ntabwo ikunzwe gusa ku isoko ryimbere mu gihugu, ariko biteganijwe ko izafata umwanya ku isoko mpuzamahanga mugihe kiri imbere. Abashinzwe inganda bagaragaje ko ubwo bufatanye atari uguhuza ikoranabuhanga n’isoko gusa, ahubwo ko ari n’igaragaza rikomeye ry’imodoka z’imodoka zo mu Bushinwa kuzamura urwego rw’agaciro mu marushanwa ku isi.

2. Guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga bifasha kuzamura inganda

Iterambere ryihuse ry’inganda nshya z’ingufu z’Ubushinwa ntirishobora gutandukanywa n’ingufu zo guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga. Dufashe nk'urugero rwa JAC Zunjie S800, uruganda rwarwo rukomeye rukoresha umurongo wo gusudira mu buryo bwikora hamwe n’ikoranabuhanga rya AI mu rwego rwo kongera kubaka amarangi, byateje imbere cyane umusaruro n’ibicuruzwa byiza. Byongeye kandi, Uruganda rukora ubwenge rwa Dongfeng Lantu rushingiye kuri 5G n’ikoranabuhanga rinini kugira ngo rugere ku musaruro w’ubwoko bwinshi, byerekana uburyo bwa digitale n’ubutasi by’imodoka z’Ubushinwa.

Mu rwego rwa bateri y’amashanyarazi, CATL irateganya gukora bateri zose-zikomeye mu bice bito mu 2027.Iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga rizatanga ingwate zikomeye zo kwihangana n’umutekano w’ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu. Muri icyo gihe, ibyuma bikomeye bya GPa byakozwe na Baosteel ku binyabiziga byoroheje nabyo bitanga inkunga ikomeye yo kunoza imikorere yimodoka nshya zingufu. Ibi bishya byikoranabuhanga ntabwo byongera ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’imodoka nshya z’Ubushinwa, ahubwo binashyiraho urufatiro rukomeye rwo kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze.

3. Amahirwe n'imbogamizi ku isoko ryisi

Mu gihe isi yitaye cyane ku kurengera ibidukikije n’iterambere rirambye, isoko ry’imodoka nshya ryakira amahirwe atigeze abaho. Nk’uko ikigo mpuzamahanga gishinzwe ingufu (IEA) kibitangaza ngo mu 2030, umubare w'imodoka z'amashanyarazi ku isi uzagera kuri miliyoni 200, zitanga umwanya munini w'isoko ryo kohereza mu mahanga imodoka nshya z’ingufu zo mu Bushinwa.

Ariko, amahirwe nibibazo birabana. Imodoka nshya z’ingufu z’Ubushinwa zihura n’amarushanwa akomeye aturuka mu Burayi no muri Amerika ku isoko mpuzamahanga. Kugirango ubone inyungu ku isoko ryisi, amasosiyete y abashinwa agomba guhora atezimbere ubuhanga bwa tekinike hamwe nibiranga ibicuruzwa byabo. Muri icyo gihe, gushyiraho uburyo bwiza bwa serivisi nyuma yo kugurisha no gucunga amasoko nabyo ni igice cyingenzi cyo kuzamura irushanwa mpuzamahanga.

Muri iki gikorwa, guhuza byimbitse kwinganda, amasomo nubushakashatsi bizagira uruhare runini. Ibigo byinshi by’imodoka birashiraho uburyo bwubufatanye na za kaminuza kugirango dufatanye gutsinda inzitizi zikoranabuhanga nkubuzima bwa bateri no gutwara ubwenge, kandi biteze imbere iterambere ryikoranabuhanga no kwagura isoko ryimodoka nshya zingufu.

Umwanzuro

Inganda nshya z’ingufu z’Ubushinwa ziri mu bihe bishya by’iterambere ryihuse. Guhanga udushya no guteza imbere amasoko mpuzamahanga bizahinduka imbaraga zingenzi zo gukomeza gutera imbere. Mugihe ibirango byinshi byabashinwa byinjira mumahanga, isoko rishya ryimodoka zingufu zizarushaho gutandukana no guhangana. Umuhanda mushya w’ingufu zohereza ibicuruzwa mu Bushinwa byanze bikunze uzana inyanja nini yinyenyeri.

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